536 Lxxi. COMPOSITE. [Vernonia 



solitary or a few together on short pedicels in axillary and com- 

 pound erect terminal pedunculate narrow cymes ; bracts leaflike 

 smaller than the leaves ; involucral scales pluriseriate, oblong or 

 linear, obtuse, somewhat woolly on the back, straw-coloured and 

 rigid below, -I to | in. long, terminating in a thinner dark-coloured 

 spreading or reflexed ovate appendage ; achenes | in. long, obovoid- 

 oblong, with about 8 pallid-hispid ribs ; pappus slightly reddish, 

 almost straw-coloured ; the setse unequal, slightly compressed, 

 ciholate-barbellate. 

 GoLXjNGO Alto. — No notes. Fr. No. 3698. 



43. V. filipendola Hiern, sp. n. 



An erect perennial rigid herb, sometimes only 8 in. high, in 

 other cases 1 to 3 ft. high; rootstock thick, woody, giving oflT 

 long fibres some of which develop in their course at the distance 

 of 1 to 2 in. an ovoid subligneous tuber more than an inch long 

 and J to i in. thick ; stems simple, striate, hispidulous-tomentellous, 

 subterete below, obtusely angular above, leafy except the base; 

 leaves alternate, obovate-oblong or oblanceolate, subobtuse and 

 shortly apiculate at the apex, wedge-shaped to the sessile or sub- 

 sessile base, thinly and rigidly coriaceous, scabrid, and hispidulous, 

 yellowish-green above, rather paler and more densely hairy 

 beneath, 1 to 3 in. long, by -J^ to f in. broad; denticulate or 

 subrepand; capitula campanulate-hemispherical, many-flowered, 

 ■| to 1^ in. in diameter, on scabrid hispidulous or somewhat woolly 

 pedicels of |^ to 2 in. long in about a 2-headed terminal inflo- 

 rescence ; pedicels with a foliaoeous bract at the base and some 

 linear hairy bracteoles at the apex about j in. long ; involucral 

 scales pluriseriate, linear or oblong, mostly with a purplish ovate 

 thinner brittle adpressed obtuse or subobtuse minutely apiculate 

 appendage, J to |- in. long, the outer ones the shorter ; corollas 

 bluish-purple, |- in. long when extended, narrowly tubular, 

 gradually widened to the upper shining glabrous often spreading 

 shortly 5-cleft upper part ; the lobes lanceolate, subacute ; anther- 

 tube with rather finely-pointed tails at the base and lanceolate 

 hyaline appendages at the apex; style-branches rather long, 

 puberulous, pointed, the upper part exserted; young achenes 

 short, dusky, marked with about 10 longitudinal rows of short 

 whitish hairs ; pappus straw-coloured, pluriseriate, setose ; the 

 setse somewhat flattened, ciliolate-barbeUate, the other ones the 

 shorter. 



HuiLLA. — In pastures among tall herbs, at Catumba ; fl. and young 

 fr. April 1860. No. 3275. 



44. V. benguellensis Hiern, sp. n. 



An erect robust rigid herb, 3 ft. high ; stem subterete, striate- 

 sulcate, puberulous, branched slightly scabrid and leafy above ; 

 leaves alternate directed upwards and often folding longitudinally 

 inwards, elhptical, more or less narrowed at both ends, not very 

 acute, apiculate, subsessile, thinly and rigidly coriaceous, scabrid 

 with short thick rigid pointed hairs and minutely scaly above, 



