Sphacophyllum] Lxxi. composite. 573 



37. SPHACOPHYLLUM Benth. ; Benth. & Hook, f . Gen. PL ii. 

 p. 339. 



1. S, pinnatifldum 0. Hoflfm. in Bel. See. Brot. xiii. p. 26 (1896). 

 HuiLLA. — In thickets flooded in the rainy season, near Empalanca ; 



fl.-bud Dec. 1859 and Jan. 1860. No. 3443. In dryinsf-up swamps on 

 the right bank of the Lopollo river ; fl. April 1860. No. 3442. 



2. S. candelabrum 0. Hoffm., I.e., p. 27. 



HuiLLA. — Capitula heterogamoua, radiate, yellow ; style more than 

 usually thick, with short somewhat compressed branches, thickened 

 at the apex ; palese of the receptacle very tall. In moist places at the 

 outskirts of forests near Catumba and between Mumpulla and Nene 

 and between the latter and Humpata ; fl. and fr. Oct. 1859 and May 

 1860. No. 3444. Flowers golden-yellow ; achenes 4- or 5-angular, 

 truncate, the angles hispidulous ; crown of the pappus short, densely 

 paleaceous, with 1 to 3 angles prolonged into brittle setae. In marshy 

 places at the banks of streams near Lopollo ; fl. and fr. Dec. 1859. 

 No. 3981. 



This species approaches closely to the genus Anisopappus, and has 

 the aspect of A. chinensis Hook & Arn. 



3. S. Welwitschii 0. Hoffm., I.e. 



PuNGO Andongo. — -An erect annual herb, 2 to 3 ft. high, with 

 golden-yellow flowers. In open sandy forests along the banks of the 

 river Cuanza, near Mopopo : fl. and fr. 30 April 1857. No. 3985. 

 This species has the aspect of S. africanum O. HofEm. (^Astepliania 

 africana Oliv. in Hook. Ic. PI. t. 1506), but it differs by its broader 

 concave scales on the receptacle embracing the florets ; the achenes 

 seen by me are very nearly glabrous, and not pilose as stated in 

 Hoffmann's description quoted above. 



4. S. punulum Hiern, sp. n. 



A scabrid-pubescent or puberulous undershrub ; pubescence 

 whitish, crisp, sometimes obsolete ; rootstock thick, woody, perennial, 

 branched ; stems decumbent or ascending, branched at and near 

 the base, rather slender and wiry above, 3 to 5 in. high in our 

 specimens but apparently they are only young shoots after the 

 burning of the previous stems ; branches erect or ascending, slender, 

 leafy below, sulcate-striate ; leaves alternate, mostly crowded, 

 narrowly linear or linear-oblanceolate, obtuse at the apex, sessile 

 or the lower ones spathulate-subpetiolate, dull-green, thick, i to 

 i in. long, ascending or somewhat spreading, the margins entire, 

 involute ; capitula broadly campanulate or sub-hemispherical, not 

 turbinate, -j- to -I in. in diameter, heterogamous, radiate, many- 

 flowered, terminating the erect or ascending peduncular branches ; 

 involucral scales pauciseriate, oval-oblong or sublinear, subobtuse, 

 ^ to ^ in. long, subglabrous or ciliolate-fimbriate near the apex, 

 the outer ones somewhat cymbiform below ; flowers yellow ; ligulate 

 florets uniseriate, female ; the ligule exceeding the involucre, oval, 

 plurinerved ; disk -florets multiseriate, hermaphrodite, 4 to -^ in. 

 long, the corolla narrowly funnel-shaped from a slender base, 

 glabrous, exceeding the involucre, shortly 5-lobed, the lobes ovate- 

 lanceolate; anthers producedat the apex into lanceolate appendages, 



