VERTEBRATES 155 



its food ? What teeth seem well developed ? Is the move- 

 ment of the jaws simply up and down, or is there a lateral 

 movement as well ? 



10. Try to find out some of the mental characteristics 

 of the animal, i.e. is it sluggish or active ? Is it alert ? Does 

 it show curiosity ? fear ? What evidence of intelligence ? 



Supplementary studies. 



a. Smear the feet of a cat with ink and allow it to run on 

 a sheet of clean paper. Make a diagram to show tracks. 

 Do the same in case of a dog. How do these tracks 

 differ .? Why .? 



b. What is the difference between a cat and a dog as to 

 the manner of eating a bone } 



c. As you see dogs and cats outside do you see any 

 evidence in either case of a tendency to gather in packs 

 (gregariousness) ? 



d. What different emotions are expressed by a dog's 

 tail } a cat's tail ? 



e. What sounds do cats and dogs make .■' Significance } 



f. Contrast the sleeping habits of cats and dogs. 



g. How large is the litter in case of dogs and cats .? 

 Condition of young at birth .? How long before the eyes 

 of the young are open .' Care of young. 



Summary. 



To what kind of life does a cat or dog seem best adapted : 

 (a) as to food .? {b) protection from enemies .'' 



Carnivora ; Review and Library Exercise 

 Characteristics. 



1. The general characters of carnivora. 



2. Five important families. The characteristics and ex- 

 amples of each family. 



