SOME LABRADOR TREES 
out the rings more plainly and it was often 
possible by shifting around the circle to count 
the full number of rings, when in a direct line 
to the periphery from the centre, portions of 
the rings might be illegible. Pins used in the 
larger sections to mark off various points in 
the counting were also of help. Most of the 
sections were counted two or more times and 
an average struck in case of disagreement, so 
that I believe my counts are fairly accurate. 
I made in this way an examination of twenty- 
six trees, larches, balsam firs, and black and 
white spruces that varied in height from one 
and a half inches to fifty-five feet. The most 
stunted specimens, the ones that grew the 
slowest and were least in height, were to be 
found on the sea-shore and in the bogs. Be- 
yond the Mingan Islands the shore and par- 
ticularly the islands took on a more arctic 
appearance, and, in places exposed to the full 
fury of the wind, the trees were prone on the 
ground, although, even as far east as Natash- 
quan, trees of twenty feet in height were found 
close to the shore in fairly protected places. 
The bogs, with their deep sphagnum moss and 
acid waters, their underlying ice even in June, 
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