458 



HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 



but that of Mr Rivers not having as yet fruited 

 ■with us, we are unable to say whether in reality 

 a difference exists. 



Mamuette. — Colour pale green and brown; 

 size large; form oblong obovate; quality excel- 

 lent. In use in September and October. Mr 

 Thomson remarks, "This is one of the few good 

 French pears that will bear as a standard, and 

 as such this requires a favourable soil and situar 

 tion." 



Marie Louise. — Colour brown and yellow; 

 form oblong; size above medium, often large; 

 quahty first-rate. In use in October and No- 

 vember. This truly fine pear was raised from 

 seed by the Abb6 Duquesne, of Belgium, in 

 1809; introduced to England by Dr Van Mens 

 in 1816. Tree hardy, and succeeds well as a 

 standard in favourable situations, where it bears 

 abundantly, and the fruit so produced is supe- 

 rior to that grown against walls, in which latter 

 condition it must ever be grown in most parts 

 of Scotland. Sjnonyras^Braddich's field stand- 

 ard, Forme de Marie Louise, Princesse de Parma, 

 Marie Chretienne, readily distinguished from the 

 next by its crooked and declining branches, with 

 narrow leaves. 



Marie Louise (Van Mens). — Colour yellow, 

 brownish red on the side next the sun ; form 

 pyriform; size above medium; quality second- 

 rate, but in good seasons, when not overcropped, 

 of excellent quality ; apt to produce more fruit 

 than the tree can bring to full maturity. Tree 

 hardy, erect, with strong dark-coloured shoots. 

 In use in September and October, and does not 

 keep well. An inferior fruit to the last. The 

 Marie Delcourt of Mr Thomson in " Fruit 

 Catalogue of the Horticultural Society," No. 

 306, is probably the Marie Louise (Delcourt) of 

 Mr Eivers, No. 90 in his descriptive catalogue, 

 and also of the French gardens, said by the last 

 authority to be superior to the old Marie 



Moccas. — Colour pale brown; form obovate; 

 size medium ; quality excellent. In use in De- 

 cember. A hardy tree, bearing well as a stand- 

 ard, and almost resembling the following in point 

 of merit. Originated at Moccas Court, Hereford- 

 shire. One of our best standard pears. 



Monarch, Knight's. — Colour yellowish brown; 

 form obovate; size medium; quaUty excellent. 

 In use in January. Tree hardy and a great 

 bearer, even in a standard form. Originated 

 with T. A. Knight, Esq., and with the last two 

 valuable acquisitions to our standard-growing 

 pears. They are both well worthy of the notice 

 of Scottish orchardists. Knight called this the 

 Monarch, because he conceived it superior to 

 all others, and on account of its perfecting its 

 fruit in the first year of the reign of William the 

 Fourth. 



Moor/owl egg, Galston's. — Colour yellowish 

 brown; form roundish; size medium; quality 

 good. This appears to be a rather rare sort; 

 we have only seen two or three specimens in 

 cultivation, and these grown against walls in 

 Perthshire. In use in October and November. 

 A very different fruit from the Old moorfowl 

 egg, an old hardy Scotch variety not worth 

 growing where better sorts will live. 



Napoleon.' — Colour pale green, turning yel- 

 lowish by keeping; form obtuse pyramidal; size 

 large; quality excellent. In use in November 

 and December. Tree healthy, and ripens as 

 a standard around London, but requires the aid 

 of a wall in Scotland. It was raised by M. 

 Liart, a gardener at Mons. According to Down- 

 ing, he received a medal from the Mons Horti- 

 cultural Society for the fruit, and hence the 

 synonym Medaille ; the original tree was pur- 

 chased for thirty-three francs by the Abbg Du- 

 quesne, who bestowed on it the name of Napo- 

 leon. Synonyms — Roi de Rome, Medaille, Charles 

 d'Autrich, Suorie DorSe of some, Wurtemberg, 



Neil. — Colour pale yellow; form obovate; size 

 large ; quality good. In use in September and 

 October. Tree very hardy, succeeding in many 

 places as a standard; a great bearer, and produc- 

 ing beautiful fruit. Raised by Dr Van Mons 

 from seed sown in 1815, and named by him in 

 honour of that excellent man and enthusiastic 

 horticulturist, the late Dr Neil of Edinburgh. 

 Is apt to overbear itself, and should be, there- 

 fore, moderately thinned of wood, and even 

 that shortened so as to insure a limited supply 

 of young shoots. 



Nelis, winter. — Colour yellowish-brown; form 

 obovate; size under medium; quahty excellent. 

 In use in December and January. Produces 

 excellent although not full-sized fruit as a 

 standard around London; requires a wall in the 

 north of England and most of Scotland. This 

 is another excellent Belgian variety. Syno- 

 nyms — Beurri de Malines, Milanaise, Owce- 

 lier, Nelis d'Hiver, Etrov/nieau, Bonne de Ma- 

 lines. 



Ne plus Meuris. — Colour brownish russet; 

 form roundish, usually very irregular; size me- 

 dium ; quality excellent. In use from November 

 to March. " One of the best late pears, although 

 not so handsome as some." — (Thomson). Of 

 Belgian origin, from the stock of Dr Van Mons. 



Passe Colmar. — Colour brownish yellow; form 

 obovate; size large; quality excellent. In use 

 during December and January, and with good 

 management much longer. This very excellent 

 pear is of Belgian origin, and being raised by the 

 Counsellor Hardenpont. It is one of our most 

 popular winter pears, on account of its excellent 

 flavour, vigorous growth, and abundant bearing. 

 In too rich soils it is apt to grow too luxuriantly, 

 and therefore root-pruning has often to be had 

 recourse to, to keep it of moderate size, and to 

 induce fruitfulness. This is a much more hardy 

 tree than the old Colmar, and is exceedingly 

 free from canker and disease. To increase the 

 size of the fruit, they should be regularly thinned 

 after setting, and some recommend, to attain 

 this end, the removal of half the fruit-bearing 

 spurs in the month of March. Synonyms — Chap- 

 mans, Colmar d'Or, Colmar Preul, Colmar Har- 

 denpont, Colmar Gris, Colmar Epineux, Passe 

 Colmar Epineux, Passe Colmar Gris, Passe Col- 

 mar Gris dit Precel, Beurre Colmar Gris dit 

 Precel, Fovdante de Mons, Fondante de Panisel, 

 d'Anans, Present de Malines, Marotte Bucrie 

 Jaune, Souveraine, Gamhier, Colmar Sowcerain, 

 Cellite, Beauire d'Argenson, Regentin. 



The Passe Colmar d'Or is given by Mr Thorn- 



