534 



FRUIT GARDEN. 



bearer in climates where the other better pre- 

 serving sorts would not. 



Damson. — One of our most popular preserving 

 plums, deserving of extensive cultivation as a 

 standard tree. 



SuUace. — Black, white, and yellow, excellent 

 for culinary purposes, and of extreme hardihood. 



AlU>'uchan. — A sort of Quetsohe, well adapted 

 for drying. Tree very hardy, and an abundant 

 bearer. 



The following are chiefiy grown for stocks, — 

 Brompton, Brussels, Muscle, Pear plum, Ceri- 

 sette, Damas noir, the latter much grown by 

 the French, Mirabelle for dwarfing purposes ; 

 and Mr Rivers has lately turned his attention to 

 the common sloe (Prunus spinosus) for a similar 

 purpose. Stocks are also obtained by sowing 

 the seeds of St Julian, Magnum bonum, and 

 such free-growing sorts, and layers and suckers 

 of the same are often taken. The stock from 

 seed is by far the best where a long duration of 

 the tree is desired. The Damson is not a good 

 stock to bud on. 



Select list for particular situations and pur- 

 poses. — We have been favoured with the follow- 

 ing list as growing in one garden within twenty 

 miles of London : Kirk's plum, Royale hative, 

 Eeine Claude Violette, Preooce de Tours, Early 

 and Ickworth imperatrioe. Green gage, Reine 

 Claude de Bavay, Coe's golden drop, Jefferson, 

 Washington, Denyer's Victoria, Reine Claude 

 d'Octobre, Coe's late red, Columbia, White mag- 

 num bonum, Goliath, Early Orleans, Shropshire 

 damson, and St Martin's Quetsche, the two last 

 for preserving. 



Sorts grown at Drwmlanrig Castle, Dumfries- 

 shire, on a cold retentive clay soil. — Coe's golden 

 drop, Coe's fine late red, Kirk's, Green gage. Blue 

 gage, Jaune hjltive. Magnum bonum white, Mag- 

 num bonum red, Nectarine (or Caledonian), 

 Orleans, Wilmot's new Orleans, Washington — • 

 all as wall-trees. Damson only as standards. 



Sorts grown at Culzean Castle gardens, Ayr- 

 shire, close to the sea. — Coe's imperial (synonym 

 of Coe's golden drop), Diamond, Diapree rouge, 

 Magnum bonum white, Green gage, Annat green 

 gage (synonym — Lawson's golden gage), Impera- 

 trioe blue, Imperatrioe white, Inperatrice let- 

 worth, Jefferson's, Kirk's, Orleans early, Orleans 

 Wilmot's, Keine Claude violette, Reine Claude 

 d'Octobre, Denyer's Victoria, Nectarine (or Cale- 

 donian) on walls. 



Sorts grown at Dalkeith, Mid-Lothian, on a dry 

 light made soil, one hundred feet atom the sea, 

 and within three miles of it. — Coe's fine late red, 

 Coe's golden drop, Cooper's large, Damson, 

 Shropshire (as standards), Diapree rouge, Drap 

 d'Or, Yellow gage, Ghiston's early, Goliath, 

 Green gage, Imperatrioe Downton, Imperatrioe 

 blue, Imperatrioe Ickworth, Jefferson, Kirk's, 

 Magnum bonum red, Magnum bonum white, 

 Morocco, Nectarine, Lucombe's nonsuch, Orleans 

 early, Orleans, Wilmot's, Reine Claude de Bavay 

 (not yet fruited), Reine Claude violette, Victoria, 

 Denyer's, Washington, on walls, believing, how- 

 ever, that most of them would succeed as well 

 as dwarf standards or espaliers. 



Sorts recommended by Mr G. Lindley for the 

 Highlands of Scotland, — Coe's golden drop, 



Diaper, Early Orleans, Fotheringham, Goliath, 

 Green gage, Imperatrioe, Kirk's, Lucombe's 

 nonsuch, Morocco, Orleans, Prune Swisse, 

 Purple gage. Red magnum bonum, Violette 

 hative, Wentworth, which latter is synonymous 

 with White magnum bonum. 



The same authority gives the following, ex- 

 clusive of those in the last list, as being adapted 

 to the northern counties of England and south- 

 ern of Scotland : Early amber. Nectarine, Pre- 

 coce de Tours, Imperial diadem, Mimms, Pmne 

 damson, Washington, La delicieuse. Saint Ca- 

 therine, White buUace. 



It would be of little use giving lists of fruits 

 ripening in the southern counties, as it is cli- 

 mate we require ; the great object to be kept in 

 mind in forming such lists is to ascertain those 

 good sorts that will ripen in ordinary or bad 

 situations. In good situations all we have de- 

 scribed will assuredly succeed. 



The following lists have been published by 

 Mr Rivers, in his " Miniature Fruit Garden," of 

 the sorts of plums adapted to be grown as pyra- 

 mids, according to his ingenious mode of root- 

 pruning, and using the sloe as a stock, with a 

 view to curb the over-luxuriance of the plum, 

 as well as from its being a stock of great hardi- 

 hood, and whose roots do not appear to be 

 much affected by soil, provided it be dry. We 

 should, however, here remark, that the object 

 in view is to produce trees of very moderate 

 growth, and of early and great productiveness — 

 the very reverse of what has been hitherto 

 recommended for orchard trees, but the mode, 

 with very few exceptions, that should be re- 

 garded as the best for garden culture. 



Hardy dessert plums adapted for pyramids. — 

 Early favourite. Early Orleans, Royale hative, 

 Monsieur Gross Surpass, Perdrigou, Violette ha- 

 tive, Green gage, Purple gage, Washington, Jef- 

 ferson, Reine Claude de Bavay, Coe's golden 

 drop, Imperial de Milan, Fellenberg, Eeine 

 Claude d'Octobre, Saint Martin Quetsche, Coe's 

 late red. 



Hardy leitchen plums adapted fori- pyramids. — 

 Early prolific, Goliath or Caledonian, Prince of 

 Wales, Denniston's superb, Nectarine, Mimms 

 or Diapree rouge, Royal de Toxub, Denyer's 

 Victoria, Yellow magnum bonum, White mag- 

 num bonum, Blocker's scarlet. Orange, Smith's 

 Orleans, Autumn compote, Downton impera- 

 trioe, Frost gage. The latter, we fear, will be 

 found too late in ripening in the north. 



Diseases and insects. — The plum, in proper 

 soils, and in moderately good climates, is com- 

 paratively a healthy, hardy tree, but not remark- 

 able for attaining a great age. Canker and 

 gum attack it in uncongenial situations, and 

 follow accidental wounds, as well as the removal 

 of large branches, if not very neatly performed. 

 The green and black aphides, red-spider, and 

 thrip, are its common insect -enemies in Bri- 

 tain. In America their attacks are so formi- 

 dable as almost to discourage its cultivation in 

 some parts of the United States. The curcu- 

 lio or plum-weevil (Rhynchoinus nenuphar) is, 

 Downing observes, " the uncompromising foe 

 of all smooth stone-fruits. The cultivator of 

 the plum, the nectarine, and the apricot, in 



