I20 SUGAR PINE TYPE 



of $13 for sugar pine, $9 for yellow pine and Douglas fir, $5 for 

 incense cedar, and $3 for white fir. Nor can these figures be 

 increased ordinarily by the sale of tops or slabs for firewood 

 because the local demand is small. 



In man hours the costs of an average operation would be as 

 follows: 



Man hours per M 



Felling and bucking 2 



To mill 7 



Milling 7 



16 



In addition to these labor costs there would be considerable 

 charges for interest and depreciation in the case of milling and 

 getting the logs to the mill. 



Land' Valuation. — The use of sugar pine land for farming is 

 generally impracticable on any large scale because the slopes 

 make irrigation expensive. In addition the shallowness of the 

 soil and frequent outcrops of rock are obstacles to cheap cultiva- 

 tion. As a consequence there is no sale for land for this pvupose 

 with the exception of an occasional mountain meadow. 



For grazing there is more demand for this type. It will sup- 

 port from one to two head of cattle or 10 sheep during the sum- 

 mer months on 40 acres and a fair renta' per acre is 10 cents. 

 Hence the capital-value may safely be taken as $1.25 per acre 

 using an 8 per cent interest rate. 



The main reason why land in this type cannot be given a high 

 value per acre for the production of lumber is that growth is 

 slow during the early stages. This is, however, better than the 

 returns from grazing and of more importance to the large owner 

 than the possible use of a small fraction of his land for tillage 

 pmrposes. Therefore it would seem that the highest use to which 

 most of the type can be put is the growing of timber supplemented 

 by grazing on lands where the reproduction will not be injured 

 by the browsing of cattle or sheep. Furthermore these uses are 

 in many cases supplemented by the values accruing from water- 

 shed protection whether the water so conserved is used for irriga- 

 tion or power purposes. 



