THE DISEASES OF THE LUNGS 



THE CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT OF BRONCHI- 

 TIS, PNEUMONIA. CONSUMPTION, AND TUBERCULOSIS 



DR. N. W. SANBORN 



THE diseases of the lungs are bronchitis, pneumonia, consumption 

 and tuberculosis. Of these, bronchitis may be either acute or 

 chronic; pneumonia is acute, consumption and tuberculosis 

 chronic. These diseases are not easily given one to another, 

 but there is danger enough to make it desirable to keep all sick fowls from 

 well ones. Bronchitis is limited to the lining membrane of the bronchial 

 tubes, pneumonia to the air cells, consumption to the substance of the 

 lung tissue, tuberculosis to all parts of the lungs. 



BRONCHITIS 



While catarrh is an inflammation of the lining of the nostrils, bron- 

 chitis is limited to a like surface of the breathing tubes. Bronchitis may 

 be as mild as a simple catarrh or as severe as the worst attack of roup. We 

 see all grades of severity, from a common "cold" to a suffocating catarrh 

 dangerous to life. There is always plenty of germ life to be found in the 

 mucous discharge, but we are not sure whether the germs are the cause or 

 the accompaniment of the disease. 



Bronchitis is caused by exposure to storms, especially when the birds 

 are housed in too close or too warm a building; by sudden atmospheris 

 changes; by direct currents of cold air; by irritating particles of dust or 

 lime; or by the spreading of inflammation from diseased throat or nostrils. 



Bronchitis is not so often seen in young chicks as is diarrhoea; there 

 seems to be a tendency toward bowel rather than lung trouble during the 

 early months of the chick's life. Bronchitis in chicks is commonly caused 

 by exposure to rain; by sudden extremes of temperature due to overheated 

 brooders and cold brooder houses; or by close, foul air. 



1 have known air-slaked lime to so irritate the mucous surfaces as to 

 produce what resembles an ordinary bronchitis. The droppings boards 

 were freely dusted with lime while the birds were confined to a closed house. 

 There seems no reason for the use of air-slaked lime about poultry build- 

 ings. Ground plaster and dry earth are so much better and cheaper that 

 they should always be used, and this source of danger avoided. 



Unless you are looking for the outbreak of this disease it will have a 

 start of one to three days before the fowl appears to be really sick. There 

 is from the first some rise of temperature and a little difficulty in breath- 



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