152 MAMMALIA. [Cuar. IV. 
terror; and a third will await his approach without 
motion, and then advance with fury to the “charge.” 
In individuals the same differences are discernible; 
one flies on the first appearance of danger, whilst 
another, alone and unsupported, will face a whole host 
of enemies. When wounded and infuriated with pain, 
many of them become literally savage!; but, so unac- 
customed are they to act as assailants, and so awkward 
and inexpert in using their strength, that they rarely or 
ever exceed in killing a pursuer who falls into their 
power. Although the pressure of afoot, a blow with the 
trunk, or a thrust with the tusk, could scarcely fail to 
prove fatal, three-fourths of those who have fallen into 
their power have escaped without serious injury. So 
great is this chance of impunity, that the sportsman 
prefers to approach within about fifteen paces of the ad- 
vancing elephant, a space which ‘gives time for a second 
fire should the first shot prove ineffectual, and should 
both fail there is still opportunity for flight. 
Amongst full-grown timber, a skilful runner can 
escape from an elephant by “ dodging” round the trees, 
but in cleared land, and low brushwood, the difficulty is 
much increased, as the small growth of underwood which 
obstructs the movements of man presents no obstacle to 
those of an elephant. On the other hand, on level and 
open ground the chances are rather in favour of the ele- 
phant, as his pace in full flight exceeds that of man, 
although as a general rule, it is unequal to that of a 
horse, as has been sometimes asserted.? 
1 Some years ago an elephant 
which had been wounded by a 
native, near Hambangtotte, pursued 
the man into the town, followed 
him along the street, trampled him 
to death in the bazaar before a 
crowd of terrified spectators, and 
succeeded in making good its re- 
treat to the jungle. : 
? SHaw, in his Zoology, asserts 
that an elephant can run as swiftly 
as a horse can gallop. London, 
1800-6, vol. i. p, 216. 
