216 MAMMALIA. [Cuar. VII. 
ductive of no demonstration whatever, may lead, in mo- 
ments of temporary illness, to fretfulness and anger. 
The knowledge of this infirmity led to the popular 
belief recorded by Puttx, that the elephant had two 
hearts, under the respective influences of which it 
evinced ferocity or gentleness; subdued by the one to 
habitual tractability and obedience, but occasionally 
roused by the other to displays of rage and resist- 
ance.! 
In the process of taming, the presence of the tame 
ones can generally be dispensed with after two months, 
and the captive may then be ridden by the driver alone; 
and after three or four months he may be entrusted 
with labour, so far as regards docility ;—but it is un- 
desirable, and even involves the risk of life, to work an 
elephant too soon; it has frequently happened that a 
valuable animal has lain down and died the first time it 
was tried in harness, from what the natives believe to be 
“broken heart,”—certainly without any cause inferable 
from injury or previous disease.” It is observable, that 
1 & AcrAjs 8¢ odow edropjoau Kap- 
dlas* 
Kal 79 meév elvat Sumindy 7d Snpiov 
Eis dxpath xivnoww hpediopuevor, 
TH 58 mpoonres rat Spacdrytos Eévov. 
Kal wh pev adray dxpoicbar Tav 
Adywy 
Ots ay tis "Ivdds ed TiBacetwy A€yo, 
Tj 5& mpds adrovs robs vopeis ént- 
Tpéxew 
Eis ras madaias éxtpaméy Kaxoup- 
ylas.” 
Paz, Expos. de Eleph., 1. 126, &e. 
2 Captain Yuux, in his Narra- 
tive of an Embassy to Ava in 1855, 
records an illustration of this ten- 
dency of the elephant to sudden 
death; one newly captured, the 
process of taming which was ex- 
hibited tothe British Envoy, ‘made 
vigorous resistance to the placing 
of a collar on its neck, and the 
people were proceeding to tighten 
it, when the elephant, which had 
lain down as if quite exhausted, 
reared suddenly on the hind quar- 
ters, and fell on its side —dead !” 
— P. 104. 
Mr. Srracuan noticed the same 
liability of the elephants to sudden 
death from very slight causes; “of 
the fall,” he says, “at any time, 
though on plain ground, they 
either die immediately, or languish 
till they die; their great weight 
oceasioning them so much hurt by 
the fall.” — Phil. Trans. a.v. 1701, 
vol, xxiii, p. 1052. 
