MAYFLIES, DUNS AND SPINNERS 241 



be almost identical. The angler should at once realize 

 from the colour of the wings whether the specimen he 

 is examining is a green-winged one, E. danica, or a 

 brown-winged one, E. imlgata or E. lineata. The 

 four patterns of mayfly in the new series consist of 

 Nos. I and 2 male and female green mayflies which 

 represent E. danica, and Nos. 3 and 4 the male and 

 female brown mayflies or imitations of E. vulgata or 

 E. lineata. 



The imagines of the three species are so nearly alike 

 that I have only included in the patterns of the imago 

 or spent gnat Nos. 5 and 6, the male and female respec- 

 tively. As previously remarked in the chapter on 

 "Choice of Pattern," Marryat's old standard pattern 

 is an imitation of the female. 



If the insect under examination is not a mayfly it 

 will in the south-country chalk- 

 Duns and spinners. streams probably be if compara- 

 tively large either the turkey 

 brown or yellow may dun, and if small one of the 

 duns or spinners designated by fly-fishermen by the 

 names of olive, pale wateiy, iron-blue, or blue-winged 

 olive, and the next task is to give the angler the 

 necessary information to enable him to differentiate 

 these insects. The olive, pale watery, and iron- 

 blue duns and spinners have two tails or caudal 

 setEe, while the blue-winged olive has three, and in 

 most rivers this latter fly is not generally present 

 before the middle of June, and does not hatch in 

 great numbers before July. When I fished the 



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