xiv PRIMARY FACTORS OF ORGANIC EVOLUTION. 



PAGE 



Fig. 29. Crania of Stegocephalia and Cotylosauria .... 117 



30. Diagrams of crania of Reptilia 118 



31. Do. . . . . .... ... 119 



32. ArchiBopteryx Hthografhica Wagn. . . . 125 



33. Ungulata, anterior feet 129 



34. Ungulata, posterior feet 130 



35. Ungulata, anterior and posterior feet . . 131 



36. Phenacodus vortmanii Cope ... . . 134 



37. Fore and hind limbs of Phenacodus primavi s and 



Homo sapiens ..... 137 



38. Skull of Anaptomorphus homunculus Cope. Lower 



jaw of Anaptomorphus (2mulus Cope . . 151 



39. Tomitherium rostratum Cope, mandible . 156 



40. Tomitherium rostratum Cope, fore arm . 157 



41. Tomitherium rostratum Cope, ilium and femur 158 



42. Megaladapis madagascariensis Forsyth Major 160 



43. Skull of the man of Spy .... . 161 



44. Outlines of calvaria of the Neanderthal man, of the 



Spy men. . 162 



45. Vertical sections of symphysis mandibuli of gorilla; 



of orang ; of chimpanzee ; of Spy men . 164 



46. Sections of symphysis mandibuli of modern Liegois 



and of an ancient Parisian. . . 166 



47. Molar teeth of man. ... . 167 



48. Parallelism in Brachiopoda . . 181 



49. Circulatory systems. . 194 



50. Succession of horns of Cervtis elaphus L. . 197 



51. Shoulder-girdles of Anura . . . 198 



52. Lernaa branchialis . , . 212 



53. Entoconcha mirabilis Miill. . 214 



54. Mycetozoa • . .. . . 220 



55. Typhlogobius californiensis Steind. . . 245 



56. ./^MJKj/aW/jV Con., displaying non-plicate columella. 257 



57. Mitra lineolata Heilprin, showing the plications of the 



columella - . . . . 259 



58. Siphocypraa problematica Heilprin, showing plica- 



tions of lips ... . 260 



59. Ostrea edulis, embryo . ... 262 



60. Mya arenaria . . 263 



61. Modiola plicatula ... 264 



