1488 



RADLSH 



RADISH 



2062. French Breakfast 

 and Olive-shaped 

 Radishes, two of the 

 early or soring: Rad- 

 ish class i \ ^ 'J ), 



that case till:' root soon di-'Teriucares into a .sniail, slen- 

 der, woody and nn»re or les^ tii.rons njenibc-r. It has 

 been thought hv some that the Kadisli is onlv a nii>di- 

 tied f(.nji nt Che wild Vharlnrk. 

 or h'-!/>li<n>u.s J,'.ip/niHi.^tiinH. 

 Iti fai't, ex])i-r-iineiits were made 

 on the eliaiinrk by (.'arriere, 

 wln"» was al)li' in a lew years to 

 prodaer edil>h' liadishrs from 

 the wild idaiit. Wliih^ these 

 in\"cstiL:MtiMjis seem to In- mn- 

 cbisivc 1hal tJie Ivadisb can be 

 l.rodiuM'd fcMMi Ihe <-harin,d., 

 ilicy nt-vrrtiirlcss do not |ir-<ivc 

 that surh w;is the aclnal oi'iL;iii 

 '•I llie LTardeii K;idis)i. ]>,.( 'Mn- 

 dnlb-. wliiNi accMj.iiiiL^ i 'ar- 

 rirrr's (.■xprriiin'm s, was ini;dde 

 to undri-.taiid In.w thr |->'a<b 

 \<.\\i'> nf India. Cliina and -bijian 

 eonid lia\r ori-iiiated IrMiii the 

 idiarlnid;, siiH'c that jiboit, is un- 

 known in those i-onuiries and 

 the Ka.iish lias be, 11 -rnwn 

 thrre I'or (MniUirb-s, It is pos- 

 sible that thr R;idi^h was <-ar- 

 rird '--astward tioiri west<.'rn 

 Asi;t and Europi-*. but snclj has 

 nor bt-(-n the .i,''eiioral eoursf.- of 

 the nii^:ration "o| jdaiits. It is 

 possible that Ibo J-^adishes of 

 tin- ( »riinit arr a dilfei'ent sperii^s from ibose in Europe. 

 alibouLzh tle-y an- ^lenorally regarded as tin- same spe- 

 cies. Sre Jiilj>lnl ,'ll.s. 



The experinni-nts of E. A. Carrlere with the wihl Rad- 

 ish I Journ. (rA.Lrric. Prat., ]Sb9. also separately jirinted) 

 foi-m a idassical exajnjde of the possibilities of jdant- 

 breedin-j-. In tive vears l)v means of eiiltivation ami 

 solertion al^ne be was aide" to jM-oilnee frou] a trouble- 

 some wiM'd prariically all the inipoi-taut ty]ie-forms of 

 Radish in eitlti\"aTiou. ("'ari'lt'-re i>(-i,^au liy KaTbei-ini:' seeds 

 of the wihl Ji'apjunnis Ji((j'/hi iii.slr>n)i (Fi.i;'. L?n(;;i)", which 

 he i'olh-.-ied as far as jxtssible away from all cultivated 

 yd ants of tlie same family. Duplicate sowings were 

 nnide in liirht, dry soil at Paris and in str(niji' ch-iy soil 

 in the country. The roots at Paris ^vt.-re mostly white or 

 rosi; ;i]i(} tin- Iou^j: form (himinated; in the country all 

 the colors ami all possilde forms were obtai7U'd. The 

 roots of the wild plant T\"ere very slender, dry, fibrous, 

 always the sane- shape, always wiiite, hard, woody and 

 inedilde. Tin- roots of the- sa]ne spe(des af^ter fcmr geii- 

 erati(nts of seed were larj^^e, vjiidons in form Eind color, 

 flesh}', the flesii white, yellowish. ros\- or violet, succu- 

 lent, and good to eat. Fi^^s. 20(14, 'lUV.r,. 



Carrlere ^ives three pictures of the wihl tyjie with 

 which he heg'an, ami eiyht pictures of various types 

 proiluced afler hve years of intidliirfnt cultivation and 

 selection. The -ud^nnal root was about 7 imdies long. 

 bnt it was half an incli thick for a distance of iiarelv an 

 inch and a half. Taking extreme cases, the )t-ngtii of 

 root was increased from P^-P"' inches, the thickness 

 from Vy-5 in<du-s, the weight from 'S2 to C.,".] ^M'ams. In 

 terms of pcn-entage the length was increas<-d (.Ulli per 

 cent, the thickness 1,(100 ])er cent, the \vei;;'!ii SAH ])er 

 cent. Among the forms pictured by ("'arriere were the 

 connnon h.tl^^ the earrot shape, tin"-' turnip shape, the 

 beet sliape and otlicrs. - i)i all K tyj.es. the len^-tli and 

 diameter of whicij are given in every inslanee. All 

 these roots had fiie characteristic flavor of the Radish 

 well develojied. There v,-i'ri.' others whi(di in thivor ap- 

 proached turnips and other root crops of the mustard 

 family. 



The Rat-tail Radish, Fi^,-. '20h(;, is grown for itsnund]- 

 developed s.d't ]M.d^, wlii.di may he used as Radishes 

 are and in Die middng of idrkles. It is rarely grown in 

 American i:ai-deiis. alilioimh it is well worth" raisin,-- as 

 a curiosity. It is annual, anrl its cultivation preseids no 

 difflculties. ]^ j_j p^ 



(lARriFN Notes on Radish, -A very small area will 

 furnish an altundance of Radishes for a family. Rad- 

 ishes are of easy culture, and as they are at their best 

 when not more than an hour (uit of tlu^ gronnd the> 

 m.ake one of the most <lesirable vei^odabhs fiu- the )iom"e 



garden. In order to secure high quality it is essential 

 to use well-bred seed, secure a quick growtli, and use 

 the product when in prime eontlition. 



S/>r/ii</ Ji''fifls/iis. — '['\ii- (-■arlier <|nick - growing sorts 

 will reach a usable size in 20-40 days from planting, 

 and become pithy and wortiiless witiiin 10-12 days later. 

 Therefore repeated sowinij:.s are necessar}' to insure a 

 continuous supjjiy. The |dant is very hardy, and the 

 hi-st sowin.:^- should lie made as soon as the grotmd can 

 be wtn-keil. 'I'he riidier and more frial.)Ie the soil can lie 

 nuide till' belter, and there is litth- danger of over-ma- 

 nnriii-- pi'oxide.l thai the uutuure is tiiie; and the older 

 and ))etier de(;ouiiH..,sed it is the more satisfactory will 

 be the results. Having mixed tin' fertilizer with the 

 soil and made ii as line and smooth as possible, form 

 drills about 1 in. dei-]. and 10-PS in. a])art, and drop 

 iri-;;ri seeds to tie- foot, coverint;' with about ,^> in. of 

 soil well firmed down with the band or hoe. From 2 to 4 

 feet of ilrili will furnish an abundant stt])ply foi- one 

 ])e?-soti during the tine- those from a single sowing arc 

 tisable. and s<iwiiigs sliould be repii'ated once in 10 or 

 12 .lays. 



Early Radislics ai'e oflcii I'ltined by " nnii^-gots." We 

 know id; m> certaiji (u-eventi^e other than covering the 

 soil just after ]ilanting with a heaA'y dressing of nn- 

 leaciu'd wriod ashes. A still thicker dressing «.)f tol,)acco 

 dust will often enable one to ^t't good roots when other- 

 wise the crop would be a failure. Market-gardeuers 



2063. Root of the wild Radish, with which Carriere beeaa 

 his experiments ( ■ ^..b 



"ften scattio- a fi'w seeds of earh Radish in their rows 

 <>i' onions and be..4s. Tlie Radishes start quickly and 

 enable the gardeuerto see and culti\ate the rows 80*ouer; 

 and the l^Hlish ero], is uiatun-.l and pulled before the 

 sj.Mce is all needed for tin- more pernuinent cro])s. 



Petite I'oti' Ontario, is a little luunlet of French set- 



