1496 



RAISIN 



iT)K I'Urposc'S. Some "bleaclit-il " Seedless Sultana and 

 Thi)]iipson Seedless are jirepared. and commaiul a 

 liiylier price for no other reason than that they are <'<mi- 

 sidered more pleasiuu" to the eye. 'I'lie ileli.'i.ms Hav(ir 

 and aroma are entirely destrovi-d in the hli-arhiiii,' witli 

 suieur, and all possible efforts sleoild lii' made tii dis- 

 courai;e the practice. Few-, if any, "dip]icd " h'aisins aic 

 now X'repared. 



The varieties |ilantrdare: ^Vliite Muscat of Alexan- 

 dria, the Muscati-1 lic.rdo Blanco and IMala^a; arjd fur 

 seedless Kaisius. tin- Seedless Sultana and 'I'luinips.ni 

 Seedless. It is safe P. sa)- that the (irst two are the 

 prevalent varieties and iicmPk c tlie tinest I\aisins. Tlje 

 Gordo Blama. is lie- lavonlc Willi some nn arc.innt .d 

 its large niiifonii Perries and full, even syniniei rical 

 clusters. The s Ih-^^ \-arirl irs an- h.il h small. "Cur- 

 rants " (which, liv the way. ai-e iiei "inriants" at all. 

 but the cured fruit «( the /.ante in- Ccrinlh gra|H-vine) 

 are oidy liiirtially siieeessliil. and as they ceniniand 

 a lower iirii.'e, are noi ceiisidered iu-"htable in Cali- 

 fornia. 



The Raisin vines are subject tn tin- same diseases and 

 insect pests as are the wine and lalile varii-tiesnf the 

 f'itix vhlifrilt t\pe, and these are ccuilbated by tlie 



usual methods. L»ownv mildew i~ unkncwn in t'alitnr- 

 nia, anduji tu tin- seasnn i>( I'.HIII nn pliyllc.xera had made 

 its apjiearance in the Fresim vineyards. In the fall of I hat 

 year, however, it was diseM\ered in tlie district, and to 

 'what extent it will reduce the acceage, will, cd' coinsc. 

 de|)eml u|HMi the vigilance id' the growers and in'oni|it- 

 ness with whiidi replantings with resistant stoidvs are 

 made. 



<if late years Ingh assi-rtieiis have been made for the 

 Sail river and ("1 ila ^"alleys of Ari/.nnaas Raisin reginns. 

 It is said the grapes riiien earlierand liave that adyatitage 

 over the ('aiif(u-nia distriids. as well as that of licing 

 nearer ti' market. How far these advantages \yill cniint 

 against the t'alifnrnia Raisin in tin- c(nn[it-titio)i remains 



as \-et tn Ih- se(-n. 



F-.r a cnnp-'h-le and detailed acc(nint nf Raisin-grow- 

 im,^ and cnring, as \vcll as a hibliegraldiy <d' tin- suhject, 

 see ■■The Raisin Indiistrv." by (liislay Risen; also, 

 "California Fruits, and How t.. Crow Tliem,"hy K. .1. 

 Wi<-kscui. Aii.voni) V. STrBE.\i;Auc][. 



EAISIN-TEEE, JAP.INESE. ffor, in„ ,]„lrix. 



EAM6NDA (L. F. E. v..n Ramon<l dc- Carhonnieres, 

 French P.itanist and traveler, 17.i:;-lSL'7 I . C)fti-n spc-lh-d 

 RaiiHunlia, but originalh" writti-n Ranromhi. (ycsiwnhnr . 

 li%niinji<li,l I-',lrri,'tir,l fs ene of tlic choicest and most 

 l"Mi].ular aipim- plants. Fev.-. it' ,-(ii\. inlialiitanl s (d' reck 

 gai'dens ha\'e been so id^lcn pi<-liired. It is a small, 

 tufted, liaidy perennial herh, like mnsi al)iim. ]ilants. 

 ami its scapes Pear om- or few- Ms. in spring. 'Dies,, jiri^ 

 an inch or s<., access, and notiiudly pni-ple or \ inlet, Put 

 there is a pun- whiti- \'ari<-ly whicit is in gi-eat f,i\an'. 

 The Ramnmlas varv in the nunila-r nf llieii- |iefa|s. ,,i- 

 rather i-ondla-lnlies. For c-xani|.le, ;'. jY,iII,,i/,,v ollen 

 has -1-l.jlM-d and ."i-hibi-.l Ms. ,.n the same- plant. The 

 Horal parts in the genus are in 4's, ."j's or (i's. These 

 plants are rare and ha-al in Eurojic and are inb-resiing 

 as being among the few aljdne snrvi\-ors of a fainily 

 that is miw essentiall>- trnpical. 



A geitns of about .'! s|ieci(-s: corolla with scarci-ly ;iny 

 tube, rotate or br,iadl\- belhslia)n-d: ]H-i-te,-t stamens as 

 many as the cornlla-hibes, allixed at tin- base- cd' llie c-o- 

 rolla : ovary superior: cajtsnle oldcntg: sc-ed.s itiiiins. 

 Ra.itiondas are wnolly or vilhnis ])laiits with s<d't, wrinkled 

 leayes. The plants require p(-rfect drainag(-. 



Although three Raniomlas are in the trade, only rote 

 is W(-ll kmiwn. This is R. P/irriniir,, , wljicli is hardy 

 in l.lie ea.stern stati-s. It is a. bc-antifiil, dwarf, al|.ine 

 plant ^^■(-ll a.lapled f.u- the rock g.-u-d,-ii. It is rather 

 haril to esf.-iblish tint can be easily grnwn from seed. 

 It seeils are sewn in llie spring, and llii- small ]danls 

 grown along in i)-d,s for the lirst sumnicr a.nd kc]d. in a 

 coed shady iinsiliiiii, they will make neal little |ilants bv 

 the end nt autiiinn. Tln-y should be kc-pt in a cnldframe 

 for the winlei". These one.\'eiir-ohl plaids grown in iiols 

 are mnch ensier lo establish than ynnn^'er iilants. They 

 can lie |ilanted in small jmckeis in tin- rockery in a 

 slightly shaded and elevat(-d ]]Ositi.ni, and givc-n gnnd. 



RAMPION 



deep, peaty soil. When the plants uet establishi-d they 

 will bh.ssom trei-ly. an<l if allew.-d to rip. -n tlii-ir se,-d 

 Ihev will sew themselyes freely amongst the rocks. t)ld 

 plants i-an also be increased by <livisi(ni. They ought to 



20/2. Ramonda Pyrenaica (X K). 



lie cov(-red in winti-r with some hav or dry leaves so that 

 they will not be lii-ave,l nut of the ground by the alter- 

 nate thawing and freezing, 



A, Cn/i'r of fis. pnrph' '>!■ trJ/ite. 

 B. CiirolUt 5-parti:d, rnlafi-. 

 Pyrenaica, Rich. Fig. 2072. Sometimes called Ro- 

 sette- Mullein. AVelhgniwn siiecinicus may have li-12 

 scapes, each bearing ;;-t tis. 1 h> in. a.-mss. Native of 

 Pyretiees. IMany inferinr forms liace la-en sent out in 

 tlie name of var. alba, Hn. 20. p. 121) (n-iieated in 27, p. 

 P.)7l; 20. p. :!.f:i irepi-ated in P-l, p. 5.").")); 27, Ji. 107; 

 :!7:7::."i and !■. :il ; .11. p. 205; r.C, p. 228. (i.C. III. 12;vii. 

 .I.fl. llI.:i4:PS7. R.H. l,S(Jlj;:;:;0, B,M, 2:113 {VerlHisruni 

 J/i/ce,,,-). 



P.B. rornlh, J-parll-il. Ilinr,' rniir-n ,;■, xhort hcl I -sliri pe<l 

 fv finiiiell,,n,i. 



H(51dreicM, .Tanka (./c»c;c». or J,nil'7r,i . Hthhrirlii , 

 l-'ieiss.l. lj\-s. ricati-, entire, obnise. silky white above, 

 rusty -wo<illy behiw : s(-a.lies 1-2-lhI. ; tis. vinlet. Ai-- 

 cording to Boissier it normally has a .1-parte<l calvx. 4- 

 lobed corolla and i stamens. Thessaly. (in. ."ifi. p'. :i'.)4. 



AA. C'nhtr n! fix. i/i-lluiv. 



Serbica, Banc. This is said tn be distinguished li\- its 

 blui- anthers; also the lis. an- said tn be normally .)- 

 lobed. Servia.-/i'. Xiillnilin sc-ems to be a variety that 

 is III. ire c.innminly 4-l.ili.-.l than tin- type. S.ll. l:'l(;i. 

 R.inKitT Camei^.ik an.l "W. iM. 



EAMONDIA. 



Se 



l!:l 



I/././, al 



ive. 



EAMPION {CimpiiuHiit i;,iiiujiriihis] is a vegetable 

 s.imi-l iiu.-s .-ultiyat.-.l f.ir winti-r sala.ls. The r.iots are 

 .;hie!l> us.-.l, genm-ally in a, raw state, hut the leavt-s 

 nia\' als.i b.- used as a salad. The roots are white, a fo.it 

 .ir sn l.mg, and s]iiinlle-shap.-.l. lik.- a long radish. They 

 are rca.ly for rise in t).-t. <ir N.a". and nniy be used all 

 Ihrongh the winter. According to X'ihnoriti's "Vegetable 

 iTar.len," the seeds of Rani]iiori an- the smallest of all 

 kitchen-garden seeds, and their gerinittating power lasts 

 live years. The seed may be sown in tin- open gronn.l, 

 eitht-r liroadcast or in drills. Tin' pr(-cautions nsually 

 taken wdth minute seeds must lie .ihserve.l. In or.h-r not 

 to sow the seed too thickly it is w.-ll t.i mix it -\yith san.l. 

 The seed slionhl not b.- cover.-. 1, m.-reh' firm.-. I int.. the 

 soil. Frequent aitd cari-ful waterings are ne.-.-ssai-y un- 

 til the plants become estalilished. Thinning is an Impor- 

 tant .iperatiou. Every plant allowe.l to renmin should 

 hav.- at h-ast 4 inches each way f.>r .lev.-hipni.-nt. The 

 jihints liki- a light, rich s.iil, partial slia.h:' an.l water 

 .htriiig tin- h.it season. .Mthongh Ramiii.in is a biennial 

 plan! it s.ini.-tim.-s runs t.i s.-.-.l tin- lirst \'i-ar, espe.-ially 

 if the si-e.l be s.i\-.-n .-ally. It is. lln-r.-fore, som.-tim.-s 

 aiBi^abh- to jMislpom- sc.-.l - s.iw iiig until -Inne. I'^or 

 lintani.-al d.-scripti.in, s..-.- CiniiptiuK fn . 



