1510 



RHAMNUS 



JNDEX 



Car.iliiii.iiKi, 10. 

 caxlniirifioliif, i. 

 catharti-a. 1 

 C,ild:ia:_. 4. 

 rTOr'-a, I. 

 ri'ihuri.-a, 2 

 FraiiKuhi,, !l, 11. 

 ,iru,iilil:,li>i. 4. 

 I,N.r.:lhi,t. 4. 



lalii-colata, 6. 

 I,il.aunli.-a. 4 

 ,„-r,,h illrilis. 9. 



ul.'iluiiiis. y. 

 Pursliiana. 'J. 

 (■"*/■«, '.I. 

 tc.mi'iitella, 0. 

 irii;/,(/a. 1. 



Wndcr-lnulx s^rahi: i„ l,i]s 

 S"iH''flnl''.^ J "'■ fi-aiilnt;/: 

 tilt- ,-,ulfrro,itii,;i ,if th,' i 

 ca/e fir rinii:<irr on /h,' 



laiiiiUil 4, 

 :.r,].s ( in./ 

 tlrl] sil/- 



urk. inlh 



Ihill riifl/lrihiilS rrriirrr,] ilttlir IIHir- 

 c/hix: I'Ik. iiHiierlirllii ij inrinnx. 

 B.' Li's. opiKisil,' : ii/inilx ii s it a I I il 



■yihiij shriihn 1. cathartica 



'2. Dahurica 



BB. Lrx. iillrniiltr : pi, mix II ml ml, , I 

 shnihx. 

 C. Full-Ill, ■ il,,-nhii,,ls. 



I). Piii IS ,if re Ins jc-SO ;:. alpina 



4. Libanotica 



[rii. Piiirs ,if ri'liis -l-'.i f). alniJolia 



I), lanceolata 



('(', Fijli'ti/i; I',-, niri , h 7. crocea 



.H. Alaternus 

 AA. Whilir-liiiils viikiil: p, 'tills. j: s,',;].'. 

 ciiiire.rnt tin' Inn-t:. nut p r,i,ii; <l . iritll 

 It, it anil fli'slni r,,tii/,ilnils: iill- 

 iiriiii'il sliriilis 'iritli 'iilti-nuilc Irs. 

 -Friiiipnhi. 



B. FIs. in pi'ihnirti'il iimlii'ls II. Purshiana 



111. Caroliniana 

 Bn. FIs. ill l-rpfl,l. clusters 11. FrarLgula 



1. catMrtica.Liun. (7?. IFicJ-hV/, Hort. ). BufKTHOHN. 

 Hakt's-thokn. Waythors. Rhixebekkv. Fig. 20iiri. 

 Shrub or small tree, uttaiuiD.t; 12 It., usually thorny: 

 Ivs. uya! to elliptic or oyate, usaally rounded at the base 

 or cordate, obtuse or acute, creiiulate-serrate, glal>rous 

 or puliescent beneath, 1/4-.3 in. long: tls. in 2-5-fld. 

 clusters, with 4 petals: fr. black, about ^i in. across. 

 Europe, W. Asia and N. Asia; often escaped from cult, 

 in the eastern U. H. B.B. 2:40.t. Gng. 0:2. 



2095. Rhamnus cathartica (X'.j). 



2. Dahiirica, I'all. ( /.'. rntliilrfirn . yar. Baliiiriea. 

 Maxim.}. Ijargo, spreading shrttb, ^vitil stout th(:)i'n>" 

 brauidies: branchli'ts -gbdirous : lys. oblong nr somi:'- 

 tinies tdliptie, narrowed at tlie base, acuu^in;lt(.^ creiiu- 

 late-serrate, glabrous, somewhat coriaceous at nuittirity, 

 2-4 in. long: fis. and fr. siuular to those of tin- preced- 

 ing species, but fr. somo\yliat largec. Ilalun-ia ti. Amur- 

 land and N. China, probaldy also ,la|iau. ( M'', l):42ri (;is 

 M. c?-('j/a/fr ) . — Sometimes cult. uikIci- 11m> name of it'. 

 rrenalii. See, :dsM. siipidementary list. It sometimes 

 becomes a tree :!(i ft, tall. 



RHAMXtJS 



,3. alpina, Linn. Shrub, attaining i) ft., with stout, 

 upright, glabrous branches: lys. oyal to elliptic-oyate, 

 cordate or rounded at the base, abruptly acuminate, 

 crenulate-serrate, darl; green aboye, pale green and 

 glabrous ornearly so beneath, 2-~) '..; in. long: Us. in few- 

 tid. clusters; petals i: fr. globose, black, Ji in. acros.s 

 or less. Mountains of S. and M. Eu, L.B.C. 11 :1077.- 

 This and the following sjtecies are the handsomest of 

 the deciduous-leayed Buckthorns. 



4. Libanotica. Ibtiss. {B. lun'rrlina, Koehne. 7i'. 

 castnnixfolia, Hurt. Ji . iprcmil i Ivliii . Hort. H. iilphiu, 

 yar. Golcliii-U. Knsn. B. a Ij/'iiiu , yar. graiidi folia , 

 Kegel). Closely allied to the preceding, but larger in 

 every part: shruli, attaining 10 ft.: branchlets and 

 petioles pubescent: lys. Larger and longer, to 9 in. long, 

 jnibescent lieneatb an<l often bronze-colored at maturity. 

 Caucasus, W.Asia. B.M. (J721. 



.'). alnifolia, Ij'llerit. Low, wide-spreading shrub, at- 

 taining 4 ft , with j)ulierulotls braudilets: Ivs. oyate to 

 .lyal. obttise or aiainiinatt:'. usually narrowed at the base, 

 i-reuately serrate, glabrous, 1^.,^ in. long: fls. in few- 

 tld. clusters, o-uierous, withotit i>etals : fr. globose, bhad;, 

 with :: nutlets. New Brunswick and N. J. to British 

 Columbia and e'alif. B.B. 2:4011. 



0. lanceolata, Bursh. Tall, tipright shrub, with pu- 

 iterulous l>ranchlets: lys. oyate-lanceolate to oblong- 

 lanceolate, ai-umiuate or obtusish, finely serrtilate, 

 glalirous or somewhat pubescent beneath, 1-3!^ in. long: 

 tls. in few-lid. clusters, with 4 petals: fr. with 2 nutlets. 

 P;i. to Ala., Tex. and Neb. B.B. 2:40.-,. 



7. crocea, Nutt. Shrttb or small tre(.', attaining 20 ft.. 

 with pubescent youn.g branchlets : lys. orbicular to ob- 

 long-olioyate, dentate-serrate, dark green and lustrous 

 above, bronze- or copper-colored arid glabrous or slightly 

 joibesceut beneath, ^,-1?^ in. long: fls. in few-fld. clus- 

 ters. 4-mcrotis, aiietalous: fr. bright red, about ^4 in. 

 across, edible. Calif. S.S.2:59,60. 



8. Alaternus, Linn. Shrub or small tree, attaining 

 20 ft., with glabrous branches: Ivs. oval or ovate to 

 t)yate-lanceolate, acute, serrate or almost entire, glossy 

 and dark green above, pale or yellowish green beneath, 

 glabrous, ?4-2 in. long: fls. in short racemes, with 5 

 petals: fr. bluish black. S. Ett. — Var. angustiSolia, 

 DC. (-Z?. avfjtislifdlia, Hort.), has narrcwer, oblong 

 lanceolate Ivs. There are also varieties with variegated 

 foliage. 



9. Purshiana, DC. Tall shrub to medium-sized tree, 

 occasionally attaining 40 ft.: yoting branchlets pubes- 

 cent or tomentose: Ivs. elliptic to ovate-oblong, acute 

 or obtuse, usually denticulate, with often wavy margin, 

 dark green above, glabrous or pubescent beneath, 1-7 

 in. long : peduncles lon.ger than petioles : fr. globose, 

 changing from red to black, about ^i,. in. across, with 

 2-3 nutlets. Brit. Col. to Mex., west to Mont, and Texas. 

 S.S. 2:G2, 03. — A very variable species. Var. CallforBica, 

 Rehd. {B. Califdrnicn , Eschsch. /»*. o/(w7o//?/.9. Hook. i. 

 Usually shrttliby, evergreen or half -evergreen : Ivs. 

 smaller and narrower, 1-4 in. long, often almost entire 

 Calif, to Ariz, and New Mex. R.H. 1874, p. 3!->4. Var. 

 tomentSUa, Sarg. (Frdngnla Cnliforiiica . var. toiiini- 

 ti'lla, Cray). Allied to the preceding var., btit Ivs. 

 densely wdiite-tfunentose l:»eneath. R.H. 18.^8, p. 058; 

 1872, p. 194 (as B. iiinniu). B. ininnivfalia , hiliil iffilia 

 and riitira, Greene, and B. orridentitlis, Howell (see 

 C.F. 10:285) also belong here. 



10. Caroliniina, Walt. Indian Cherry. Shrub or 

 small tree, attaining 30 ft. : young branches pttberulous : 

 Ivs. elliptic te) oblong, acute or acuminate, obsctirely ser- 

 rulate or almost entire, lustrous and dark green above, 

 glabrous or lu^itrly so, somewhat leathery at length, 2-0) 

 in. long: peduncles shorter than ]ielioles: fr. globose, 

 about ^1 iti. across, red changing to bbedv. sweet, with 

 3 nntlots. N. Y. to Fla., west to Neb. and Tex. S.S. 

 2:01. B.B. 2:400. 



11. Frangula, Linn. ( Friiiuinhi Alnnr. Mill.). Shrub 

 or small tree, attaining 12 ft. :' Ivs. broadly obovate to ob- 

 ov;d-e-oblong, acute, entire, dark grei'U ai)oye, glabriras, 

 1-2'., in. lotig: fr. red, changin:;- to black, with 2 nutlets. 

 l';n.. N. Afr., W. j\sia and Siber. ; es<'aped from cultiva- 

 tion in some locrdities in the eastern states. Cug. 8:3. 

 B.B. 2:100. — \ar. aapleniiJdlia, Hipp. Lvs. linear, nn- 



