RHIPSALIS 



RHODE ISLAND 



1515 



11, squamulosa,Srliii]ii.(i< i<ls,,rii,„i ,-o>H>Nn,i< ,PfeitT.). 

 Somewhat iirauelini, rrachin^^ a k-n-tli ^t' 2 ft. : l)raucbi_^s 

 very uucqiial in iiu-tli. ^:-l ;n. tliirk, rriau-ular. ilit:' 

 aiiu-les \\-iiiL;-.Ml: ^^~■. \~2. from tli-- (l.'op ;u-(-ola'. o liii«_-s 

 li'nu:. gi\a-nisl! wiilu'iU. vt^llowi.-li wirliiu. Hrazil. Ar- 

 ;^ciuma. B.M. oTi.i;:. 



1-. myosurus, Solium. ( L'/'isnuun' i»n"s!'irus . Pfeilf. i. 

 Somewhat, iirauclid. a yani \"U'j:: l-ranrlir-^ il-t". lint:'- 

 thirk. :.)^-augled. the auiiifs m.t wiii--cil. tlic tmiiinal 

 branehlets generally acuminate, etren ri['[ieil l)V a peiieil 

 of bristles: rls. soUtary in tlir .K'.-p areola'. '4-.". lin.-^ 

 loni;', rosy white: fr. red. Rrazil. L"..M. 37.1."). 



13. rhombea, Pfeiff. [Ii. Sirm-'ii'ma [I). lU'eiff.i. 

 Branehinu". reaching a yard in length: joints u'l-ocn, U-al'- 

 like. ereuate - oblouL,^ or rhomldc. l-o in. Imii;, ^.^-2 i]i. 

 broad: tls. yellow, about 5 Hues long. Brazil. 



U. pachyptera. Pfeili\ i R. xJaia. Stend. ]. Erect. 

 i)rauching. reachiiii;- a heii,dit of m-arly 1 yard; joints 

 flat, rarely o-win;::.-d, rathrr thick, usually somewhat 

 conoavo-convex. 3-8 in. lon^^, blunt. 2-." in. brinid, often 

 purple-red: lis. ab.iut 8 lines huiir. vellow with reddish 

 tips. Brazil. B.M. 'I'^-IO \C<irhis <ili\tny\. 



1.". Houlletiana, Leui. {R. lT<->iU,'fii. Lem.b Stem 

 richly branched, becoming i! ft. ov nior^.- \vu-j. 1-l^i in. 

 broad, often tapering to the round midril' for a consider- 

 able distance, then l.ieconiing again broad and lealiike: 

 tls. 8-9 lines long, yellowish white to yellow: Iterry red. 

 Brazil. B.M. 6089. Kathai:ine Brandegee. 



RHIZ6PH0RA i^ discu-;.sed undrr .Unnwor,'. The 

 plant i^ n^jw i^ift'ered for sale iu S. (Jalil. 



RHODANTHE. See fftlipttrum. 



EHODEA. See Rolulea. 



RHODE ISLAND, HORTICULTURE IN. Figs. 2102, 

 2103. Rhode I-land. the Dio-T thickly [copulated state in 

 the Union, is distinctly a manufacturing center. This 

 condition of things, which brings the larger portion of 

 the popttlarion together Into the cities and villages, to- 

 gether with the steadily increasimr popularity of its 

 famous summer reSLirts and the rapid transportation 

 both by rail and water which place the New York ami 

 Boston markets within easy reach, alt'ords opportunities 

 for horticultural developments which are equaled In- 

 few and excelled by none of the eastern states. 



At present the growing of vegetables, both in the hold 

 and under glass, is the most hiirhly developed horticul- 

 tural industry. Tlie tiiwns ,if Cranston and Warwii-k 

 are the center cif tlii- irclustry. where the soils are li.irlit 

 sandv loams whicli are ca;)aMi-. under the skilful nian- 

 ai^ementthey receive, of pro<luciug large crops nf excel- 

 lent qiuility. 



The following figures, which are taken from tlie Stale- 

 Census for 1895, give some idea as to the extent of the 

 market-garden industry for tliat year: Green corn, 

 1,138,983 doz.: tonuitoes, 10ii.2."9 bn^hoN: .■u.-uinbers. 

 66,2iiS bushels; lettuce. 2, 8.12. 2o-l: Ije-ad^: beans. -triuL^ 

 ■10.706" bushels; pea.s, green. 03.4-18 bushels : celery. 

 579.016 heads; melons. G'21.9SO. 



The greater proportion of the lettm-e grown is nf the 

 hard-headingtvpe, which, is produced during- the months 

 from October to May. Over$100.000 is invested in glass 

 for the production of this crop within a radius of five 

 miles of the city of Providence. The greater portion of 

 the muskmelon crop is produced upon the sandy plains 

 of Warwick. The early crop is grown from plants which 

 ai-H t-ither started in pots in the glass-house.s and trans- 

 planted to the field or planted under sash in the field. 

 The early varieties used for the crop are of the small 

 Gem type, which always finds a ready sah.-' at faie-y 

 prices, 'while the main crop, which is planted the last of 

 May, is largely shipped in car-Jots to Boston. For the 

 main crop the large oblong type of melon is the most 

 popular. Besides the large market-gardeners who are 

 located near the cities, many of the farmers wiio live 

 within a short distance of the manufacturing villages 

 find there a ready and profitable market for the many 

 vegetables which"they produce, as th^ people found in 

 these villages are good buyers who consume large quan- 

 tities of vegetables when they have work. 



Ituring the jiast decade thc: fioriculture of the state 

 has lieen developing rajddly, not so much, however, in 

 till' numl.)er of t-stablishuients as in the area of glass. 

 Where terj >cars a^'o the fiirun-s were t^nven in hun- 

 dreds, to-day they arr iucrea-cd to thousands of sipiare 

 feet. This de\'oioiimrnt is .-spi-cially noticealdo in the 

 towns which havo a jiojpularion <d' from 2.<ii)0 to :;,ouO. 

 The carnation is still thf mo>.T popular fii.iwer, alihouirli 

 many tine ro.srs ai'e Lrrown. with a steadily iucreasiiji^^ 

 deuKUul Cor rare tlowi-rs. lls on/hids and forced stock, 

 duriu-- the winli-r nionihs. 



There are iu the state nine local imrseries. The 

 greater part of the business is the growing of specimen 

 plants for use in localities where immediate effects are 



A T L A y T I C 



O C ^ ^^ JV 



2102. County map of Rhode Island. 



de^ireil. rathiu' than the propaL;"ati'jn and sale of youn.^r 

 nursery stock. 



The fruit-growing iudusTry is but poorly developed, 

 only a very sujall proportiiui of tht fruit consumed be- 

 ing produced within tlie state limits. Apples are grown 

 more than any other fruit, the largest orchards beint: 

 located iu the northern part of the state, the fruit being 

 more higlily colored than that grown in the orchards 

 alongthe coast. Baldwin, Rhode Island Greening'-, Kox- 

 Viury Russet and Spy are planted more than other va- 

 rieties, ^iain" of the old orchards are past their prime, 

 and there arc exeellnut opportunities offered for the 

 plant iuiT of profitable orchards upon the hilly and de- 

 serted farms. Amony: the enemies of fruit, the follow- 

 iuL: are the most troublesome: apple scab, codlin-moth, 

 curculio and maggot. The original Rho.lc Islaml ( ireen- 

 ing apple tree, still standing iu the town of Foster, is 

 shown in Fig. 2103, as it looked in 1900. 



Peaches are receiving much attention at present. 

 From orchards which are favorably loi.-ated, crops are 

 obtained two out of three years; the average for the 

 state is about three out of five. Aside from the winter- 

 killing of the buds, the most serious trouljle is tlie rot- 

 ting (jf the fruit. This troubh- causes much ^^r eater 

 losses in the towns bordering u]Min the salt water. 



