KOSE 



Garden -group 17. Polyanfha. Perpetual - tiowermg 

 varieties of the Multitiora group. The term in gardens 

 is taken To iueltuie a large uumber of small cluster-flow- 

 ered, climbing Ruses, and is particularly important in 

 American Kose culture, as the basis of a"ne\v j^ectiun of 

 hybrids with the Teas and (erroneously) inoliuliDg hy- 

 brids of Wichuraiana and Teas. M. H". Walsh in^Mas- 

 sachusetts. M. Horvath in Ohio, and Jackson Daw- 

 son in Massachusetts have accomplished important 

 work in this field. 8ome of Walsh's recent introduc- 

 tions, as Debutante and Swei.'rlu'arr. nor as yet faiiiy 

 tricd. and the Dawson Rose may be classed here. Tbev 

 are valuable as tredlis and pillar Roses for garden deco- 

 ration. 



Garden-group IS. Pcrj^tiinl Brtvrs. Of this group 

 there are about five important types. 



Rngosa or Japan R^Kse, a low-growing liu>h: hardv: 

 useful as a hedge plant, and specially adapted for ex- 

 posed situations near thi- seashore. Figs. LM(p2— 1. 

 Hybrids have been made with other Perpetual groups, 

 especially Teas and H. P's. Mme. Georges Bruant is 

 a type. TheRugosa blood is strongly seen in all cases. 

 Lucida. a small insignificant group, havini: some 

 connection with the IMacartnev. 

 Microphylla has minute leaflets. 



Berberidifolia has leaves S(.)mewhat resendjliug bar- 

 berry. 



Perpetual Scotoh, a perpetual - dowering form of 

 Bosa spino^i.^.si'»ui. probably a hybrid trom the Dam- 

 ask. 



Garden-group 19. iJcergr.^en . Two t\pes, as follows: 

 3iacartney, slt^nder: sweetly scented and very fioril- 

 erous throughout the season. is derived from Ji . 

 hracfe<ifa. 



Wichuraiana. The ATichuraiana hybrids already re- 

 ferred to in the Polyantha group may dubiouslv be 

 included here. Thev have not vet been suliicientlv 



ROSE 



1363 



tested 



Leoxakd Barkon. 



Eose Gardens for Rose Lovers. — The Plybrid Per- 

 petual or Hybrid Remontant Rose (hybrids of Bosa 

 Danfascen'f, Borhon'ica, etc. ) is the largest and most iTu- 

 portant group of hardy Roses. The common varieties 

 are crosses of Provence and Damask Roses upon Bour- 

 bons, Bengals and Teas, and vice versa. Of all Roses, 

 Hybrid Perpetuals, in regions of severe winters, offer 

 the amateur the greatest promise of success. 



A warm stinnj-^ spot shielded from strong or bleak 

 winds should be chosen for the Rose garden. A piece 

 of woods or a hedge offer good protection if they are 

 far enough away from the bushes so that they do not 

 shade them or rob them of nourishment. Dean Hole 

 says, "The Rose garden must not be in an exposed 

 sil^iation. It must have shelter, but it must not have 

 shade. No boughs may darken, no drip may saturate, 

 no roots may rob the Rose." A hillside is less exposed 

 to late frosts than valley and is therefore better. The 

 ground must be well drained. If nature has not pro- 

 vided such a spot the Rose-grower must make one. 



The ideal soil for the Hybrid Perpetual Rose is a 

 strong rich clay or loam. Though Tea Roses sometimes 

 do well in gravel or sandy soil, Hybrid Perpetuals never 

 do. The ground should be spaded up to a good depth 

 and all stones, grass and roots carefully removed. 



Late autumn is the best time for setting out hardy 

 Roses. The "writer has set out over a hundred Hybrid 

 Perpetuals and Hybrid Teas when he was compelled to 

 shovel away several inches of snow and break up the 

 frozen crust of the earth with crow-bar and pick-ax 

 before he could dig the trench in which he planted 

 them, and yet he did not lose one of them. Put otit late 

 in the fall with the earth well firmed around them and 

 properly protected, hardy and half-hardy Roses are 

 almost sure to come through the winter all ri^^ht and 

 make a good bloom the first summer. In no other way 

 can Roses be set out so quickly and so well as in a 

 trench dug the proper depth and width. Budded plants 

 should be set so that the joints will be three inches 

 under the surface of the ground. This is the only way 

 to secure immunity from suckers growing from the 

 root into which the bush has been budded. The best 

 fertilizer for Roses is rotted cow manure. Tlie next 

 in value is the manure from the pig-sty. 



Nearly all of the Hybrid Perpetuals and IMosses will 

 stand the severe winters in the northern states without 

 protection, but it is best tc protect them. Ab Bourbon, 

 Hybrid Noisette, Plybrid China and Hybrid Teas in the 

 northern, and in some of the middle" states, ujust be 

 protected; ■' excels!.. ir " tied around the hushes to tlie 

 height of VI or ITi inches gives sutlii-ient proteetiou. 



^Vhen the leaves are out and the buds well fo]-nied a 

 mixture composed of three parts of wheat flonr and one 

 of white hellebore si)rinkled on the foliage when Avet 

 after a rain or dew disposes of the inost dangerous foes 

 of the Hybrid Perpetual. The dew a.ud hour make a 

 paste that holds the hellebore on till its work is done. 

 A tea nuide of tobaceo stems will destroy the insects 

 nn.sT troubloNnnn^ in July and August". Trimming 

 should be ilone in iJje spring before the sap begins to 

 flow. 



T)ie foliowinic embrace the best of the Hvbrid Per- 

 ]ietuals: Alfred Colomb, Anne de Dieslvach," Baron de 

 Bonstetten, Baroness Rothschild, Oho, E;irl of Dufferin. 



2171. Yellow Tea Rose, Madame Honore Defresne. 

 popular in the South (X ^y). 



Fisher Holmes, Francois ^lichelon, Gloire deMargottin, 

 Gen. Jacqueminot, Gustave Piganeau, Heinrich SchuF 

 tlieis, Jean Liahaud, Jeannie Dickson, Jubilee, La 

 Rosiere, Louis Van Houtte, j\Iabel Morrison, Mme. Ga- 

 briel Luizet, Marchioness of Lome, ]Margaret Dickson, 

 Marie Baumann, ^larshall P. Wilder, Mrs. John Laiug, 

 Pierre Notting, Prince Cam i lie de Rohan, f"^>ueen of 

 Queens, Xavier Olibo, Paul Neyriin, FIrich Brunner. 



The Moss Rose {Bosa GaJl'u-c. var. jimscnsd) is a 

 universal favorite. The best varieties are Crested, Gra- 

 cilis and Common Moss. Fig. 2157. Seven leaflets are 

 found on most of them. They must be closely pruned. 



The Perpetual [Moss Rose {Eosa Gallica, var. nins- 

 cosa] : These are like the Moss Roses except that they 

 are autumnal bearers. ]\Ime. Edward Cry, Salet and 

 Soupert-et-Notting are the best of this class. The best 

 results can be secured only by close pruning. 



Sweetbrier (Iiosa rnbigiiiosa ) : Eglantine is a name 

 given to a Rose found in a wild state in various coun- 

 tries. One variety known as Common Sweetbrier, a 

 native of England, is prized wherever known. It owes 

 its popularity not to its flower but to the perfume of its 

 foliage. The attempts made to develop the flower and 

 still retain the fragrance of its foliage have not yet been 

 successful. No better Rose can be found for hedge- 

 making. 



Austrian Brier (JRosa Uglanffria } : This Rose has 7 or 9 



