ROSE 



sod ami eon- iiiamire. Eai'h spring (oUowiiiir. some ma- 

 nure and bone meal is forked into the vurfaee. Liquid 

 manure is aiiven in June when tlie Eoses are in full 

 bloom, and a few tiui.s tliereafter. The lioses are 

 thoroughly sju-ayed \\ilh ISordeaux mixture wlien tlie 

 leafage is fairly out, and I'liee every three or fotir weeks 



ROSE 



1569 



21S2. Russian form of Rosa rugosa (X ^-j). 



afterwards. Haiiil-piokini^ ^eems the best method of 

 destroying tlit- worms aU'eeting the buds, and frequent 

 drenchings with the hose abolish the other enemies. 

 In the fall the canes are bent down and fastened to the 

 base of their nei^rhbors. and remain procumbent until 

 the spring cutting-tn, which is delayed as late as possi- 

 ble in order not to incite Xvu curly a start and to force 

 the buds to "break" low down. After the leaves xiscd 

 in the winter protection have been removed, and tht- 

 board roof also, the sides of the "box" are allowed t-i 

 remain a short time in order to shield from tlie winds. 



The winter of 1898-9 was unusually severe and did 

 more damage to the Roses and other material than any 

 other winter which the writer has experienced at 

 Highland Park. Followin:^^ is a list of the so-called Hy- 

 brid Remontants iH. R. i that wintered then — under pro- 

 tection—and came out in good condition. These varie- 

 ties may therefore be c<msidered the most suitable for 

 this and kindred climates: Prince Camille de Rohan, 

 H. R. : Ma^-na C'liarta. H. Ch. ; INIrs. R. G. Sharman Craw- 

 ford. H. R.: General Jacqueminot (Rousscletl. H. R.; 

 Captain Chri^tv. H. T. i Hvbrid Tea); La Rnsiere. 

 H. R.; Captain Havward. H. R. : Mrs. Paul. Hour.; Gar- 

 den Favorite. H. R.: Louis Van Houtte, H. R.: Paul 

 Xeyron. H. R. I Fig. 2bi!)i: John Hopper. H, R. 



The followinij dozen were in fair condition after the 

 winter and recovered their form during tlie season: 

 Mme. Victor Verdier, H. R.: Pierre Xottillu^ H. R.: 

 Anne de Die^liach. H. K.: Ulrich Brunner. H. R. : Bar- 

 onne Prnvo-t. H. R.: Euu^'^ue Fur-t. H.R.; Prince of 

 Wales. H. R. : Alfred CMh'inb. H. R. : Lyomiai^o. H. R.; 

 ^Mme. Gabriel Luizet. H. R. : Countess of Oxford. H. R. 



The list of th(.tse that wiuter-killed is too nu]uerous to 

 give, bnt it is a singular fact that the first list contains 

 forms classed among the Teas and Bourbons. Of the 

 climbine" forms that were unprotected, J^osa setigera 

 and its offspring. Prairie Queen, were somewhat injured ; 

 but Greville (8even Sisters). Crimson Rambler. Thalia. 

 Paul's Carmine Pillar. 3Iultiflora and the Dawson Rose 

 were in fairly good condition when wintered under 

 protection. The failures even when protected were 

 Aglaia, Alister Stella Gray, Euphrosyne, Russell's 

 Cottage, Baltimore Belle. Tennessee Belle. The tyi'dcal 

 Sweetbriers proved hardy unprotected, but the hybrids 

 of them were killed. Protected B. Wicluiraiana and 

 its hybrids killed back to the roots : Ji. rugnsa and 

 most of its hybrids, especially those of Jackson Daw- 



son and Prof. J. L. Budd, unprotecti-d. wfvf all right; 

 MuiM. (b.-i.rges Bruant (Fig. l^Kijl. i.ror.-rtod. was killed. 

 Mo^t of the ]\loss Roses sti.od well unprntecr.-d, espe- 

 cially (.'rested .■\bis.^. 



Cl'dhilde 8^uuiiert ami lleniiosa are the best be<klers 

 for i)ernianent plaiitimj: when proii'rted, and ihe so- 

 called Fairy Ruses stand fairly w-ll. evpf.-i;illv :\nie. 

 Cecile Brunner. Papa Cb.ntier and Kaiserin A"ui.nista 

 Mctoria fire anu.ng the l>est of the mure tender rdass 

 that rcipiire tlie pruierTiim of ;i ],it in winter. They 

 seem to stand the Idennial root disturbance well. La 

 France browns in the Imd under our sun. and. strange 

 to relate, the writer cannot grow that splendid Rose 

 I\lrs. John Laing successfully, either on its own roots 

 or budded, ii'. ruhrifufi'i (or fernx/' >n:<i ), Ji. s/iinosis- 

 sinia, var. Altaica, B. nituln, B. lucida and B. J,>n>'ilis 

 were hardy without protecti<pn. i^- (■ e,,j^>,- 



Future Roses for the Prairie States. — West of Lake 

 IMichigau. and north of the 42d parallel, the line Roses 

 grown in the open air in the eastern and southern 

 states can be grown only by systematic pruning and 

 winter covering. Of well-known old varieties hardy 

 enough to winter without protection, the list is short. 

 3Iadanie Piantier, White Harison, and Bosa rugosa 

 with some of its hybrids, are hardy between the 'tOth 

 and 44th parallel, and still farther north the East Eu- 

 ropean 7?. ruijova and such of its hybrids as Snow- 

 light^ Empress of the North and ii'o.s'ti })tajaJI.'< fl . pj., 

 are grown successfully. Figs. 2181 and 2182 show forms 

 of Bo.'iii ruijnsa: also Figs. 2162-04. 



Of the newer hybrids of B. ru<j":^n now quite widely 

 tested, the most desirable are I. A. C. (Fig. 2183). Ames, 

 Madame Georges Bruant (Fig. 2184), Madame Charles 

 Frederick Worth, and Thusnelda. Kaiserin (Fig. 2185) is 

 also to be commended. It is suggestive that tliese have 

 come from crossed seeds of what is known in Europe as 

 Bosa rugosfl ,xiir. Btg' '(unm (p. 1.556), and which we know 

 as the Russian Bosa ruijnsii . The first two named came 

 from seeds of Bosa BtLitlUiHa introduced by the writer 

 in 1883 crossed with pollen of C-leneral Jacqueminot, and 

 the last three weredeveloped from seeds of B. B<g>-Jia)<a 

 in Germany as stated by L. Spath, of Eixdorf near 

 Berlin. They are all fine double Roses of the class 

 shown in Fig. 218.'], of the two produced at Ames, and 

 all have retained to a large extent the foliage and habit 

 of blooming of ^. rugosa. The Russian, i?. rugosa as 

 iutividuced from Russia i.iy the writer is divided into two 

 very distinct classes. The one from tlie Amur vallev in 



'Mm'' 



2183. The I. A. C. Rose I ■ 

 <.")Tie of the hevt liyl.rid- "f lu-sa r:ninx>T fnr the i^rairie 

 state 



il. A, l.'. = Ion-a Agrietiltural e'oUeg 



North Central Asia is a very strong, upright grower 

 with lighter colored bark, stronger thorns, thicker and 

 more rugose leaves, and larger flowers than the .Japan 

 type, hut its hips are suialler. The one from Russia in 

 Europe is spreadiuir and ]^eudent in hahit. "SVhen 4 ft. 

 in height it has a spread of top of fully ti ft. Its leaves 



