1588 



RUDBECKIA 



RUDBECKIA 



RUDBfiCKIA (after the two Professors Rudbeck, 

 father and son, predecessors of Liunaeus at Upsala). 

 CompSsitw. CoNE'Pi.owER. As defined hy Gray (Syn. 

 Flora N. Amer.. 1880), Rndbeckia is a genus of 21 spe- 

 cies of North Amerir-an herbs, many of which are hardy 

 and perennial, bearing in summer showy fls. which usu- 



The only full double form, apparently, is Rudbeckia 

 (.lolden Glow, which has had great popularity since 

 1890. The origin of this great favorite seems to be un- 

 knowu. About 1894 John Lewis Gliihls found it among 



some plants sent bj' correspondents. See Gng. 6:370. 

 For the structure of the Rudbeckia inflorescence, see 

 Fig. 829, Vol. 11. w. M. 



The Cone-l^owers are of easy cultivation in almost any 

 soil and situation, from a semi-shady position to one in 

 full sun. Most of the species are found inhabiting 

 moist locations, but thrive well in the garden under the 



ordinary methods of cultivation, although 7?. laciniafa 

 and its double form. Golden Gk)w, do much better if 

 abundantly supplied with moisture, i?. hirt'i, our 

 B!ack-eyed Susan, — sometimes called by the chihlren 

 out west '"Nigger-heads," — will thrive in the driest, 

 hottest situation , where 

 many others would fail. 



best known as a gar- 

 ant, and probably 

 ,,. V . ,,, ■. ...- .-...owiest, is Golden 

 -■A'.'-Vi h^-^ Glow, which the under- 

 signed considers 

 the best perennial 

 of recent intro- 

 duction. If cut 

 back severely 

 when through 

 1) looming and 

 T\ell watered, it 

 ( tfpn produces a 



2213. Rubus invisus. the cul- 

 tivated form known as 

 Bartel Dewberry. 



See Euhus, page 158C. 



ally havi- yellow rays, though in one species (i?. atro- 

 rnheus) the rays are all dark crimson, and in the other 

 species the rays are occasionally more or less covered 

 with purple-brown towards the base. Under Rudbeckia 

 are often included in nursery catahigues certain plants 

 which Gray refers to Echinacea and Lepachys. These 

 three genera form an interesting floricultural group. 

 Rudbeckia and Lepachys are typically yelbtw-fld. genera, 

 while Echinacea contains a few forms with tls. ranging 

 from flesh color aiid rnse-pnrple to crimson. The chaif 

 of the receptacle is u'^ually persistent in Rudbeckia and 

 deci<luous in Lepacliys. 



Among the bardy berliaceous species, there are sev- 

 eral with striking halnt and distinct foliage. There is a 

 wide range of color among wild plants of the same spe- 

 cies, and specimens with the brown-purple color at the 

 base should be snnglit for. The r;iys may be few or 

 many, short and broad or ]ong and narmw, toothed in 

 various ways, star-like or makirjg a '■oidinuons limb, 

 drooping or horizontal, and ahvays set off by the disk, 

 which maybe purple, black or yellowish, high and col- 

 iimnar or low and roundish. Tlie season of bloom could 

 be extended. The Mowers of many of the kinds are ex- 

 cellent for cuttiui:-. 



2215. An original specimen of Rubus trivialis in Michaux's 

 herbarium at Paris. Aimnt ^-> iKiriir;il size. Fago ICtSfi. 



2214. Leaf of Rubus invisus, showing 



the simple teeth (X -^), 



See Iiubus, page 15SG. 



second crop of flowers. Autumn Glory will be wcdl 

 liked when better known. It is flne for massing and 

 has a much longer blooming period than Golden Glow, 

 commencing earlier and continuing until frost. It re- 

 sembles 7?. ii it id II ^Ijut is taller and blooms longer. 



_Z?. triloha is one of the very best, and, while a 

 biennial, perpetuates itself through self-sown plants. 

 It forms a dense twiggy bush somewhat over three feet 

 high and nearly as broad if kept moderately well 

 watered, and much smaller if in a dry situation. These 

 plants may be used with effect as a border to a lar.^e 

 lied of hybrid delphiniums, us the latter will tower 

 above them a]nl bliMjni in their young state. By the 

 time the del]'iiininms are cut down for their second 

 flowering the Rudbeckias hide their untidiness and are 

 in their prime, Imt biter on may be pulled up to again 

 expose the delphiniums. An effective fall-flowering 

 group nuiy be formed liy using the lighter-colored flower 

 f'lrnis tif Ilihisciis .S'//r/arwf.s — such as Totus albus, Lady 

 Stanley, and Elegantissima — for a center or back- 

 ground, and ii iters] lersing groups of the taller Rnd- 

 Iieckias (exce]it (iolden Glow, which is too tall and 

 spreading) and bdlNmias next to tliem. In front of 

 these place I>'. sfir,-i(>s>f and it'. iriloU'i, with the blue 

 form of Ariiuihith X'lprUiis, and for a border use 7i'. 

 ln'i-(>for,Y:n\ .si(/>. ■>■/><> , i>bic(Ml well to the front to he pulled 

 up when its blnoni is past. This group will give color 

 from July until frost. The allied plant Eeliinacca pur- 

 /'urrtt and U. (uiiiusfifolia are well adapted for grouping 

 in open Ijays in shrubby borders, as their flowers are ex- 



