1G14 



SAPOKARIA 



in a loose corymbose panicle; calyx-tet-th ovate, obtuse, 

 n]embraiious-mary:iin--fl. Spriuy:. Italy, Greece. R.H. 

 1851:2yl.— Var. alba is also in tin.- Tva.b.^. Seed sbunld 



be 



the fall for sprini; 



llln 



slVll 



■ Ho\vfi-iii; 



April fn 



DR. Lrs. ncufr: 



j><'i\ itniul 



c y m i d e 



.St 



plant 



;, Linn, 

 iimeb braneliiMi. 

 in. hi-h. balf-traii- 

 uvate-tanct-n- 

 it l-lirvvr-l. 

 ,■: tl^. bi-i-bl- 

 l,M,s.-. bnijMl 



Iv. 



Iiul- 



.h' 



N 



-^ 



2250. Saponaria officinalis (X /^). 



^Minmiur. 

 Scver;ii va 

 iilrival-inn, i 

 ■. alba. 



l,nnir.>. Kort. -Tdhn 

 Saul, sfcijis ti) lie \iiikiio\vn 

 to botaiiisrs. 



J. p., Keller and 

 P. W. Bakllay 



SAPROPHYTE(areek, 



roffi-ii, and plant, i. e., 

 liviii;^ (.»n dead ory;anic 

 niaUi-rl- A plant (wheth- 

 er bacterium, fiin.yus or 

 higher plant) subsistintr 

 upon the humus <d' the 

 soil, or dead or decayin;; 

 organic material>^. The 

 customary classihcaticin 

 which includes under tliM 

 term " saprophyte " all 

 bacteria that do not sub- 

 sist i.ni living plants or 

 animals nn longer corre- 

 " spouds with facts. The 

 integrity of tlie idassification has been de.stroyed by the 

 discovery of certain bacteria in the soil, as the nitrify- 

 ing bacteria, which are able, even without snnlight, to 

 appropriate the carbon dioxid of the atmosphere. Among 

 the fungi we class as saprophytes all plants which live 

 up<)n a dead or decaying organic substratum. Such are 

 thu baker's yeast { S'/rrharoniijcesi cr'revisi(p) , the mush- 

 room (Af/firirns rinHi>''sh-i.s) and the stirdvliorn (PJiaUns 

 impudicuH). ]M"sr mushrooms and toadstools are sap- 

 rophytes (Fig. 22.'»1). Some of the tlnwering plants pos- 

 sessing ectotruphic niycorhiza (Indian pipe, Mouotropii 

 Kill flora') and endotropbic mycorhiza [Nfoffla indns- 

 ai'is, Gorall'ir/ii-a iunata, JiJpipo(/ii iii a /tJi iilJnni , wnow 

 ])lant, •Sareofh-s stnn/n i iiea and Thi.'^iniit A scroi;') are also 

 classed as saprophytes. j,-jhx W. IlARSHBEKriEK. 



SARACA (from Sayac, the name of the genus in 

 India). Legnin'nid^a'. About species of tropical 

 Asiatic trees, with glabrous, rigid-coriaceous, abruptly 

 pinnate Ivs. and yellow, rose or red Hs. in dense, sessile, 

 axillary, corymbose panicles with somewhat pet dike, 

 reihlisb bractlets: calyx cylin- 

 drical, with a disk at its sum- 

 mit; limb 4-lobed ; lolies ob- 

 long, unequal, petal-like; co- 

 rolla wanting; stamens 3-8, 

 exserted; filaments filiform; 

 a7ithr*rs versatile, opening 

 ]ongitudin;dly : fr. a coria- 

 ceous fiat pod. 



Indica, Linn. A medium- 

 sized tree : Ifts. d-lL', ovate- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, 4-0 in, 

 long, entire, short -petioled : 

 fis. orange-red, fragrant, e(d- 

 lected in coni)i;i('r, roumlish 

 panicles which nn- shorter 

 than the Ivs.; stumens usu- 

 ally 6 or 7, inserted on the fleshy annular ring at the 

 summit of the calyx-tube; style long, curved: bracts 

 red, appearing as a calyx; pod4-liMn. long, 4-8-seeded ; 

 seeds oblong, compressed, U^ in. long. B.M. 3018. -It 



. 2251. 



A saprophytic plant- 

 Mushroom. 



longer concave middle lobe. 



n Tin y 



I I I ti ni 



\ei} little 



SARRACENIA 



has fiowered well with greenhouse treatment at height 

 of 4 ft. It is suitable for outdoor planting only in tropi- 

 cal regions. Procurable from southern Florida. 



F. W. Barclay. 



SARCANTHUS (name from (in.'ck words signifying 

 fli'.sli ;Lud floa-ri-, in allusion to the fiesby nature of the 

 lilossom]. (>rclii(lac<^<.e. A small genus related to Vanda. 

 Owing to thr smallness of the fiowers they are rarely 

 cultivated. .Sepals and petals similar: labellum firmly 

 united with the liase of the column, spurred, witli 

 small lateral lobes and 

 Foliage ami habit of Vanda. 



Give plenty of water in th< Lnowmj 

 sliould have "basket culture, ^^ltll lem i 

 jM-rature of 05° to 85°. When at lest, j-n t 

 water and reduce the tem- 

 perature to 55'^. (.'ulture 

 practically as for Vanda. 



teretifolius, Lindl. ( Luhia 

 i^'-rrs, Lindl. ). Stem 1 ft. 

 hi^h, witlj cylindrical Ivs. 

 2-4 in. long: raceme bearing 

 7-8 i n c o n s p i c u o u s fis. : 

 sepals and iietals oblong, 

 dull green, with red disk; 

 laViellum slipper - shaped, 

 white, lateral lobes edged 

 with red. Se]>t. (Jliina. B. 

 M. 3571. 



Heineu'h Hasselbring 

 and \Vm. Mathews. 



SARCOBODIUM Lobbii, 



Bi-er, is IJalhi>j>li ij/tiim Loh- 

 hii. 



SARCOCOCCA {f}<fsT,ii 

 berry). EaphorhuiceiV. To 

 this genus is to be referied 

 Pachyaandra c o r i a c e a , 

 Hook., a sniall shrub from 

 India, sometimes cultivated 

 in Europe but not known to 

 be in the Anierican trade. 

 It has simple plum-like Ivs. 

 and short, axillary racemes 

 of small yellowish fis., and 

 a small purple plum-like 

 fruit. Its proiier name is 

 S. prunifbrmis, Lindl. IS. 

 siiligua, Muell. 6'. .'iallci- 

 falia , Baill. S. co-riacea , 

 Sweet). It is treated as a 

 cool greenhouse plant. B.R. 

 12:1012. 



SARCODES (Greek, 

 flesh-UJte ). l^-ricdcew. 

 S arcade s saiiguhwa, 

 Torr. (Fig. 2252)', is the 

 Snow Plant of the Sierra 

 Nevadas. It is a low 

 and fieshy plant growing 

 3-12 in. high and entirely 

 devoid of green leaves. It 

 belongs to that strange 

 group of the heath fam- 

 ily which comjirises the 

 fleshy and parasitic 

 plants, of which our In- 

 dian pipe or corpse-plant is an example. Few species 

 are known in this suborder, and they are all local or rare. 



The Snow Plant derives its popular name from its 

 habit of shooting up and blossoming as soon as the 

 snow melts away in the spring. The specific name sau- 

 i/ifinea refers to the blood-red color of the entire plant. 

 The Snow Plant grows at an altitude of 4,000 to 9,000 

 feet. It is the only species of the genus, and is not 

 known to be in cultivation. 



SARRACfiNIA (Dr. Jean Antoiue Sarrazin. an early 

 botanist of Queltec, who sent !:>. parjiurea- to Tourne- 

 fort). Sarracenidcece. Pitcher Plant. Side-saddle 



2252. Snow plant— Sarcodes san- 

 guinea. Natural size. 



