SAKKACENIA 



Flower. Tbret:' snuiU ij:eiu'ra and S >>v 10 sp^-'L'id's eom- 

 prist^ the family :^<i ryucenlurn! . All the jilaiits are 

 American. The six i>r ei,i;ht spn-jus t.f ^Sarrareuia in- 

 habit swamps and luw gruumls in the Atlanth* states; 

 l'>ii r!i ihif"iiiit i'li lih'ni ic'i . li^vow'^ in mountain Ix-gs in 

 California and southern OreLi'ou; JI< li-i lujiJtnni milaus 

 grows on Mt. K^u-aiina in Britisli Guiana. Thev are all 

 perennial aoaniest-ent In-g plants, with hollow "pil'.dier- 

 like leaves, and mulding tlowers single or several on 

 short scapes. The pitchers catch urL^anic matter and 

 entrap in-^ects. and the plants often utilize thc-^e ma- 

 terials for I'oud. In some species there are contrivances 

 of form, hai!>, atul lines of color that appear to have 

 special relation to the capture of insects and other 

 creeping things. 8ee Diirli luitiniin . The iilants are 

 prized as horticultural subjects because of tlieir <iddity 

 and the botanical interest that attaches to them. The 

 Sarraeenias have been ninch hybridized, giving- rise to 

 distinct and interesting intermediate forms, but these 

 hybrids are known only to s[>ecialists and fumders. 

 Heliamphora is not in the American trade, but all the 

 other species are. They are considered to be ditlicult to 

 maintain in perfect CLUidition under cultivation, and, 

 whenever possible, plants are frequently rei;i<.'Wed from 

 the wild. They are Ijest treated as senii-aqnatic plants. 

 Give pleitty of mLUsture at growing ^eascai. Keep par- 

 tially dormant in winter. 



The botatiical position of the SarraceniaceiT is not 

 settled. Ordinarily it is placed nearthe Papaveraceie and 

 Cruciferi^. Others associate it more intimately with tlie 

 Droseraceop. The lis. are perfect, the parts mostly free 

 and distinct; sepals and petals each 5; stamens many: 

 carpels 3-.5, united into a compotiud pistil, 'learing 

 many ovules on axile placenta^*. In Sarracenia itself, 

 the llower is large and solitary, m-ddinir from the top vt 

 a rather stiff scape; petals colnrcd, nvate to more or 

 less tiddle-shaped, incurved : si-pals thick and persis- 

 tent; 3 bracts beneath the calyx: the top of the pistil 

 dilated into a broad, thin. umVirella-like structure ou the 

 margin of which the stigmatic surfaces are borne; fr. 

 a o-valved capsule. I>ee (Trav. S\-n. P^I. l.-]>, 7'.). blasters. 

 O.C. II. 15:817: 1^:11, 40. " For an a. -con, it of hyluid 

 Sarraeenias. see also Gn. 2s. p. 'Ill, and is. p. 2o2. 



L. IT. B. 



All of the species comprising tliosi- Tvhich are indiir- 

 enous to the sotitliern states only, includiuLT N. tin en. 

 S. psittachui . S. riibnt , S. v! i-in/a ris . and N. I'ru -i'- 

 mondii, are hardy in the botanic i:arden at WashinL;ton. 

 However, they do not grow equally well out '.<t di.iors. 

 S. fhn-a, S. ruln-a , and ^'. Viiri<'l<i r'ls succeed best. N. 

 psltf'ichia and ^', DruDnnoudU do poorly. They are 

 planted in a raised bed. the sides of which are made of 

 rocks cemented log.-rher so as to be capable .if being 

 flooded with water. Provision is nuide for drainaire by 

 means of a pipe in the bortom, which is opened ondovL-d 

 as occasion reqtiires. The compost is made up of 

 chopped fern roots, moss, sand, charcoal and potsherds, 

 and when planted a top-dressini;' of live moss is ,L;-iven, 

 In this bed other insectivorous ]danrs are grown, as Dio- 

 nsa, Darlingtonia, Drosera and Pinguicula. .S. fl'ini 

 and N. purpurea are sometimes well grown on margins 

 of lily ponds, if given compost of the above description. 



For pot culture in northern Ln'ii-nhouses N. Th-um- 

 mo}}dii is the most attractive sjie'-ies. It produces two 

 crops of leaves each year. Tho.vc drveloped in sju-ing. 

 while more numerous, are not s<.> iieautifiilly inarkeil as 

 those which make their appearance during the fall 

 months. -?. fJiiva comes next in importance as a jiot- 

 plant. Out of a large number of hybrids, those havin^.^ 

 as parents 6'. rubra, S. jjurjmrut and V>'. vri-'hiris 

 take on high coloring in the leaves. 



Propagation should be effected Iiy division of the rlii- 

 zome at the time of repotting; this should be done be- 

 fore growth begins. New forms are raised from seed. 

 All of the species intercross readily. 



Sarraeenias thrive best in a substance through which 

 water will pass readily. During the growim," period 

 they need an abundant supply of moisture. They are 

 best grown in a sunny coolhouse. Greenfly and thrips 

 are the most troublesome pests. Greenfly is most 

 abundant durintr the earlier stages of the leaves, the 

 thrips appearing later. G. "W. Oliver. 



icnininata, G. 

 dlia, :., 



.Vtkiiisniiiaua 

 tlrnvaii^'uiiip; 

 i:tt..-sh,r,. A. 



. 10. I 



Clirlsnai. S, 



r.uniii, ;i. 

 crisjpata, 4. 

 Ihaiiiininiidii, i 

 erythropus, 4. 

 FUdc.^i. 4. 



SARRACENIA 



INDEX. 



tiava. 4. 

 liuibata., 4. 

 :\Iad<]isn],iai 

 Mau.biiaiia, 

 iiiaxinia. 4. 

 inehmorbod; 

 Alcxiconii, .->, 

 minima, 4. 

 iiilnor, li. 

 ilitohelhan;! 

 ornata, 4. 



161.5 



I. 



■'PEf.IFii.' 1 YI'E.^ 





'!J- 



A. PilcJitf-y. .y'n::dii!,i hnri unilall il nr 

 E. HonJ Clirun- ,flnl f"C, rii:,/ til, 



1. psittacina, Jlichx. Pifcliers small (not exceciliii.tr 6 

 ill. IdiiLCI. cyliiiilrical. reclined. ttrn;i(l-wiiif;re(l, frreevi l:te- 

 li.>w but purple-Veined aljuiit the middle ami piiryile with 

 white .spots cin the top and hood, 

 densely and retrorsely hairy within ; 

 petals purplish, K in. long:. Pine 

 Viarrcn swamps, Georgia, Alahamn, 

 "' ' ' ' '' F. s. 



h, 



"J ■ 



2. purpurea, Linn. Common 

 PiToiiKi; Plant of the North, and 

 tin.' one on which the genus was 

 f( Minded. Side-Saddle Flower. 

 Fm'. '2-'>:<. Pitchers ascending, rela- 

 tivoly short and thick, 8-12 in. 

 l^ln:^^ enlarging upwards, moi-e oi- 

 h-ss purple- veinci I . la'oad-win^i d , 

 the large, round-coniate hood liairy 

 and purple-veined within: scapes 



ft. 



Mb: 



tall, bearing 

 . with luriil 

 num boirs, 

 Florida, and west ii 

 Rnckv 3Its. B.M 

 4::;i>s. K.C. II. jr.:S2 

 :\ln. 1:81. G.'W.F. ;'(: 

 some forms the tls 

 and the Iv; 

 Acrordins: 



1 flower 2 m . 

 ur]">le petals, 

 [.aln-ador to 

 I aiiada ti) the 

 S4!"l. L.H.C. 

 F.S. ]n:](l7(;. 

 - Variable. In 

 are yellowish 



are not purple-veined. 



I") Loddiu-es. writing 



in Ls2:;. this s]- 

 vati^d liefore tl 

 Trades. ^ant. who 

 King l.'harles tin 



A A. 



Pil:'h, 



was " culti- 



■ar ]f340, by 



gardener to 



'-/. Jouij ami 



77.M,,/ , 



iln 



::. variolaris. lUir 

 Pitchers narn.iw, so 

 loni4-, either Inroad 

 wintred. more orles^ 



<'<fjia.i}ir/ or, r 



hx. Fio;. 22:- i. 

 netiines lb. ft. 

 y or narr(.ivl\- 

 varie,gated and 



Sarracenia purpurea. 



veined with purple (the under colnr 

 yellowish white I, thecucullate IhkmI 

 covering the oriflce and purple- 

 veined within: petals 1 in. or mere long, yellow or yel- 

 lowish green. Low grounds. N. Car. to Fla, l-b.'\l. 1710. 

 L. B.C. 9:803. :\In.4:l. Gn. 48. p. 203. 



BB. Rood rxpa)idtd. erect or .■<oou beconn'ua so. 

 r. Bast' of liood nnirli contracted or recurved at fh< sides. 

 4. Jlava, Linn. Tall, the narrow, trumpet-like pitchers 

 2 ft. long, which are yellowish green and not siMitted, 

 tlio wing very narrow, the hood ovate and soon becom- 

 ing erect and hairy and purple-spotted within: petals 

 P.2 in. long, but enlarging to nearly or quite twice that 

 leiiicth. oblong and drooping, lic:ht vellow. Botrs and 

 swamps.N.Car.fVa.M toFla. B.M. 780. L. B.C. 20 : 1957. 

 K.H. 18.32:121. F.S. 10:1068-9. Gn. 30. p. 3(37: 48-1031; 

 .57, p. 326. Mn. 2:113. — This seems to be the most vari- 

 able of the Sarraeenias, and some of the forms referred 

 to it may be distinct species. Var. atrosan^uinea, Bull. 

 (X. at rosanguhiea , Hort. b Small: lid or hood ovate- 

 acute, deeply stained with red. O.C. II. 16:13. I.H. 27, 



102 



