SCOLYMUS 



SCROPHULAIUA 



1633 



SCOLYMUS (old Grerk name usr.l by Hesiod). Ccon- 

 ■po.siU(. ^c:>li/i,ii(.s U isj'iui icK^ ll''i^- --T;M i.s Tin- vcg-o- 

 tabk' known us (-iokK-n Thistle ur Spani.sb (.>y*ter Plant. 

 It makes a root nnn-h like salsify, except that it is mueli 

 lighter colored and ccnsideralily longer. Its Havor is 

 less pronounced than that of salsify. Imt wlu-n caret'iilly 

 cooked, it ptisM'ssrs a \ ery agrerahle ((iiality wliit.di is 

 somewhat iiit^'miediatu liL-twi-t-n that of salsify and ]iar.--- 

 nip. It is adapted to all the methods of cixikini;- em- 

 ployed tor those vegetaldes. Tin- iiarlicnlar vahu- of the 

 ISpanish Oyster L*lant. asido from aftt.i]'<ling a \'ariel_\' in 

 the kitchen garden, is its htr:j,t; size and i.irodufTi\'eness 

 as compared with salsify. Tlu- product may he ncarl)- 

 twice as great, for a givm aroa, as f(.r salsil'y. Tin.' 

 seeds are much easier to handle and s<.i\v than those 

 ot salsify. They are sown in March or Ainll. The 

 seeds, or rather akenes, are flat and yrllow i>.h. sur- 

 rounded by a white scarious margin. The rout.s can be 

 dug either iu fall or spring. The greatest fault of the 

 Spanish Oyster Plant lies in the prickly character of 

 the leaves, which makes the plant uncomfortable t<> 

 handle. The roots are often ]h-k_' in. long and 1 in. 

 thick. It is said that the leaves and stalks are eaten 

 like cardoons by the people of Salamanca; also that tlie 

 tlowers are used to adulterate satt'ron. 



ScoJjjitiKS Hispa ulcus. Linn., is a biennial ]dant na- 

 tive to southern Europe. Tht/ radical Ivs. are very 

 spiny, oblong, pinnatifid, dark green variegate<l with 

 pale" green spots. The plant grows 2-2% ft. high, is 

 much branched an-1 bears briirht velluw flower-heads, 



el 



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2278. Scirpus cernuus (X J:i). 

 Known to gardeners as Isolepis gracilis. 



which are sessile and contain only 2 or 3 fls. , all of which 

 are lignlate. The heads are sessile, terraiual and a.xil- 

 lary. 



Scolynius contains i species, all natives of the Medi- 

 terranean region. ,S. (inintliflorus, a perennial species. 

 is rarely cult, abroad for its fls., and 6'. macuJattis, an 

 annual'species, for its variegated foliage, l. jj. B. 



SCORPION GEASS. See Myosr.tis. 



SCOKPIURUS. See CuttrpHI'irs and TTorms. 



^ms^. 



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SCORZONfiRA (old French sror.zoi>, serpent; ,S'. Uis- 

 }iiiiiiy-ii was Tised against snake-l.iites ) . t'oiuposi/fe. The 

 \'egetal>le kno^vn as Scorzonera or Black Salsify is a 

 jdant with a lung, fleshy tap-root like that of salsify, 

 but difi'ering in having a black skin. The flesh, liow- 

 ever, is white. It is cultivated and cooked like salsify, 

 but being somewlial 

 more diihcult to raise 

 it is rarer than Ihat 

 vci;elabh'. at though 

 considered l.iy many 1 o 

 be superii.n- to it in tla- 

 \<<v. 'J'he leaves may be 

 used for salads. Scor- 

 zonera is a perennial 

 idant. but it is tn aied 

 in cuhiAation as au an- 

 ]iual or iiieiinial ei o|j. 



Potanically. aKo , 

 Sc(.irzi.'m.'ra is elo^elv 

 allied to salsify. The 

 two vegelables are eas- 

 ily dist inguished in 

 root, leaf, tlowi^r and 

 seed. The Ivs. of S.M.r- 

 zoiu'ra are bn^adei', the 

 lis. are yellow (those 

 <jf salsify being ^"io- 

 let), and the seeds are 

 white. Also, the in- 

 volucral bracts of Seor- 

 zonera are in numy 

 series; of salsify, in 1 

 series. The genus 

 Scorzonera is a large 

 one — over 100 species, 

 all natives of the Old 

 World. P e r e n n i a I 

 herl.is, or rarely an- 

 nual, tloL'Cose, ianate 

 or hirsute; Ivs. some- 

 times entire and grass- 

 like, or wider, some- 

 times more or less 

 pinnately lobed or dis- 

 sected : heads ] o u g - 

 peduncled, yellow, the fls. all radiate: akenes glabrous 

 <M' villous. Cult, same as salsify. 



Hispanica, Linn. ScoKzo^EKA. Black Salsify. 

 I*erennial herb 2 ft. high: stem much branclied : Ivs. 



clasping, lanceolate, undulate, glabrous: heads solitary 

 at the ends of the branches. Spain. ^^_ ^,i_ 



SCOTANTHUS. See Oi/mi>oj>ctalMm. 



SCOTCH BROOM, t'ijtlsu.^ scopariu^. 



SCOTCH PINE. ri>nis sylvestris. 



SCOITRING-RUSH. Uquisetum. 



SCREW BEAN. Prosopis pvhtscens. 



SCREW PINE. P<>)nla)tus. 



SCROFHULARIA la reputed remedy for scrofulal. 

 ;Sc)-'q'}rii/a)-iti''fir. Fn:Vi'(.)KT. A genus of about 100 spe- 

 cies, njostly native of Europe, and of very little horti- 

 cultural value. They are mostly perennial, tall-growing 

 herbs, with usually large opposite leaves and small, 

 often dull-colored flowers in a terminal thyrse in mid- 

 or late summer. Corolla short; the tube globular or 

 oldong, ventricose; lobes 5, unequal, 1 retiexed or 

 spreading, the others erect; stamens 4. the sterile sta- 

 men represented by a scale on the throat of the corolla: 

 seeils numerous. 



noddsa, Linn., var. Marilandica, Gray. A tall-grow- 

 ing, hardy perennial herb, usually 5 ft. hi.gh, often more, 

 with large, dark green, ovate acuminate Ivs. and small, 

 dull purplish or greenish fls. in a nearly naked, open 

 thyrse. Throughout the United States. 



2279. Spanish Salsify, or Golden 

 Thistle— Scolymus Hispanicus. 



