SILENE 



SILPHIUM 



1GG9 



8. petraea, Wiilldst. A: Kit. Tufted subshrnb, 4 in. 

 hiu'li: Ivs. linear: tls. small, .solitary ; calvx elub-shai.iMl ; 

 petals liilid, with a bitiil ajipenilage, and i-iliate oTi the 

 FIs. white, according to J. Wondwai'd 



s and .'J 

 nts 4-." 

 a.seendi 

 are 



fcilh 



Gaucasu 

 .ftlanuin;^. 



'.). CaucAsica, Boiss. Th 

 nial, alpiue, white-tld. \i] 

 flowerin;? stems laterally 

 rosette <.'f h^s. : the stems 

 usually 1-tld., sometimes 2-3- 

 rid.: Iv.s. ohloiii,^ or lanceolate: 

 caly.x 10-uerved, not inflated 

 after anthesis. Caiu-asns. Fov 

 distim-tions from ^■. VdUcniu. 

 see Ihat species. 



10. vallesia, Linn. Swis-^ 

 t'ATt'HFLY. A very rare 

 plant fimud in the highest and 

 most sterile parts of the Alps, 

 differing from >S'. C'<i in-aslcn in 

 beini^ .t^landular, rather than 

 veh'ety, the stem-lvs. lon.t,^ the 

 fls. long- -peduncled and the 

 calyx more widely inflated. 



n. alpestris, Jacq. Alpixk 

 Catchflt. Perennial wliite- 

 fld. plant G in. high, the Hs. 

 borne in pani<des : stems 

 tutted, dicljotomous : fls. in 

 corymbose panicles: calvx 

 short, top -sh aped to bi'll- 

 .shaped, 10-nerved, not enlarged 

 after anthesis; petals 4dobed 

 at apex and provided with - 

 teeth at the base of each pet:d 

 in the throat: seed cristate-cili- 

 ate on the margin. Eastern En. 

 — It forms a dense mass of un- 

 derground stems and is easily 

 prop, by division or seeds. One 

 of the best. 



12. Schafta, G. Gmel. Ar- 



TU-MN (_; A T C H F L Y . Woody - 



rooted perennial G in. high, 



with rosy fls. borne on .stems 



which arise laterally from the 



rosettes of Ivs.: Ivs. obovate: 



fls erect; calyx 10-nerved, not 



inflated after anthesis; petals wedge-shaped, notched, 



bearing 2 scales at the base in the throat. ,June-Oct. 



Caucasus. B.R. 32:20 (fls. "purple"). F..S. 3, p. 28G C. 



13. Peunsylvanica. Michx. Wild Pink. Perennial, 

 6-9 in. high, from a strong taproot and with rose or 

 white fls. in small, dense terminal cymes, viscid-pubes- 

 cent: Ivs. mostly at the base, spatulate or oblanceolate, 

 the 2 or 3 pairs of stem-lvs. much shorter and lanceo- 

 late : petals appendaged, 2-lobed, the lobes dentate. 

 April, May. Eastern U. S. B.R. 3:247. L.B.C. 1 :41 (as 

 5. incaniaia) . — Handsome. 



14. inJlita, Sm. {S. Ciiriihnlits, Wibel). Bladder 

 Campion. Bladder Catchfly. Cow Bell. White 

 Ben. Perennial, 2-3 ft. high, with many-fid. panicles of 

 white, drooping fls. about :^4 in. across; plant branched, 

 glabrous, glaucous or downy; Ivs. ovate, obovate or ob- 

 long: calyx 20-nerved, inflated after anthesis; petals 

 deeply cleft. Eu., N. Africa, Himalayas. — This species 

 is not advertised in America but is probably cult, here, 

 possibly as iS. marifima , of which it is considered by 

 some a variety. S. inflata is said to be essentially erect 

 instead of procumbent and the petals more deeply cleft. 

 The young shoots are said to be eaten by the poor folk 

 of England as a substitute for asparagus; they taste 

 something like green peas. 



\:>. stellilta, Ait. Starry Campion. Readily told by 

 its fringed white and nodding fls. and Ivs. in 4's. Per- 

 ennial, 2-3 ft. high: Ivs. ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 in. long: 

 fls. in an open panicle; calyx inflated; petals laciniate, 

 unappendaged. Woods, Mass. to Neb., south Ga. to 

 Tex. B.M.'nOT. 



16. Virglnica, Linn. Fire Pink. Fig. 2329. Perennial, 

 1-2 ft. high, with large crimson or scarlet fls., viscid- 



2123. 

 Silene Armeria (X H'. 



puliescent: stem ludiramdied : Ivs. s].atid:iD' or ohlaiicro- 

 late: Hs. 1 in. <.r more acr(.ss, loos.lv cymose, nodding 

 cu- rellexed after anthesis; petals hroadiy lanc(-olal e, 2- 

 toothed at apex. N. Y. to Minn., s,.uili (ia. to Ark 

 B.,M. 3342. Un. 22, p. 37o. 



17. Californica, Durand. Pm-nnial, 4 in. to 4 ft. high, 

 pnicumbent or suherecl, with large, (lo,.|, )■,..!, s.-allired 

 fls. and a ta]u'o..l drsccmling 2-3 11.: stems scveial, 

 leafy: Ivs. lanci-oLate .,r ovate-ellipti.: : lis. 1 in. oi inore 

 broad; petals variously chd't, most conimoidv wilh 2 

 broad lobes, Hanked liy 2 narrower ones, ajJl.'enda-e.l. 

 Coast Range. -Uffereil by western collectors in bs.sl, 

 but probably not in cult., though |iresnniably a v(-ry 

 distinct and desirable planl . 'J'his species seems to have 

 been overlookeil b\- Williams. 



l^i. Menziesii, Hook. Perennial: stems weak, dichot- 

 oniously branched, G-12 in. .ir more hi-li: Ivs. ov:ite- 

 lanceolate: lis. white, "very small for the genus" (not 

 ordinarily exceeding 0-8 lines in diain.l, borne in Ihe 

 forks of the branches and forniinga leafy inflorescmiiM! ; 

 petals white, 2-idi'ft. coninH)nlv hut net aiwavs unap- 

 pendaged. K..rky Mts. and Pacilb- slop.>. -( >ifere<l in 

 1881 by western collectors but probably not rullivaled. 



19. Doiiglaaii, Hook. Perennial, 1 ft. or m.o-e high, 

 with white or pink rts. liorne mostly in bnig-pedumded, 

 3-H<l. cynjes: stems very sleniler, decumbent: Ivs. re- 

 nn.te, linear. 2-3 in. long; pelals 2-1. .lied, appiuidaged. 

 ■lun.'-.S.'pt. — A .■omm..ii ami p..lyni.n|ili..ns s].e.d.s in 

 western N. Am.'r. Robins. m .les'.-rib.'s G b..tani.-al va- 

 rieties with n.. ini|>..rtant fl.ir.al .lifferein-.-s. ,S'. Doinihisii 



is still f..un(l ii ■ easr.-rn .■atalognc, V'ar. Macoimii, 



Robinson, was oftVred in ]«81 un.l.T ils synonym S. 

 Li/alll, Wats. 



20. ScoMeri, Hook. Perennial, P.,-2b, ft. high, with 

 whit.' ..r purplish Hs. : r.i.it stout: st.-ins unbran. b.-.l : 

 Ivs. mirrowly ..blan.'e..la1e : inrt..res.-.ni.'.- G-8 in. I.jlig, 

 v.M'ti.'illately s(.i.'ate; p. dais bifid, a[>p.'n. lag.-. 1. jMoun- 

 tains .)f Ore'g.m an.l north. — ( dlere.! in IKHl by w. •stern 

 collectors. 



.y. firientaJls, Mill., is an ..1.1 ii.'.nie wliicli is not accoimlc.l for 

 by Williams. De<.'an.l..]Ie, liU.isser, Nicholson. M.ittet ..r AV.ss, 

 According to Tlu.rburn i: t'o., it is .1 hardy perennial, 2 It. )iigh, 

 with rose-colorc.l lis., which may be readily grown from s.-cd 

 in any light, loamy soil. -^y ^j 



SILK COTTON TEEE. S.-e Bombaj and Pufhira. 



SILK FLOWER. AlhhjrJn. 



SILK OAK. Gri'villeii rabiisfa. 



SILK TREE. Alhis^ia Jiilibri.-^.-iiN. 



SILK VINE. Periploca Onrea. 



SILKWEED. Asclepia.i. 



StLPHIUM (fr.»m the Greek name of an unibelliferoiis 

 pdant of northern Africa). CotnptWtttp. Rosin-weed. 

 A genus r.f 11 species of tall-growdng hardy perennial 

 herbs native of the U. .S., with somewhat coarse leaves 

 and rather large, sunflower-like heads of flowers which 

 are yidlow, ex.-ept in one species: heads many-fld.: 

 involu.-re ..f thi.-k, somewhat f.iliaceous bracts: ray-fls. 

 or at least their ..varies in more than 1 series, fertile, 

 and with elongate.l exserte.l deci.luous ligules: akenes 

 much flattened, falling free or only with the stibtending 

 bract. Silphiums are of eas)' culture in any good soil. 

 They require full sunlight and are propagated by divi- 

 sion or seed. 



a. Foliage tnnch cut. 



laciniatum, Linn. Compass Plant. Stem about C ft. 

 high, leafy at the base, much less so above: Ivs. 1 ft. 

 long or more, once or twice pinnately parted, the lobes 

 oblong or lanceolate : fl.-hea<ls several, sessile or short- 

 peduncled, 2-.5 in. across ; rays 20-30. July-Sept. 

 Western prairies. B.B. 3:408. 



aa. FoJ'kuji' not rt(f. 



B. Stem 'tr.^. .^inatt. 



terebinthinaceum, Jacq. Prairie Do(."k. Stem about 



6 ft. high: Ivs. nearly all basal, usually 1 ft. long, ovate, 



corilate, dentate: ft. -heads lH-3 in. across; rays 12-20. 



July-Sept. Western prairies. B.B. 3:408. 



