SOLAN UM 



SOLKNANTHUS 



1681 



and wait. Every i-uttinjj: wili ,i;r(nv. Wht'ii in a robust 

 condition it is u L,n-oss fi'edi'r. It should t)e in the full 

 sun. though it does well anywhere." 



N. hctaceiim, Cav., is ryplioniaudra, for wliii-'h see Vol. T. — <s'. 

 cerninnii, Velloz., is ;i shrub or siiutll tree, with eyphoiuaiidru- 

 like Ivs. aiul the yount; parts clothed with ehaffy Imirs: Hs. 

 white: fr. globose, hairy, inclosed in tlie cidvx. S. Brazil. B.Jl. 

 7401.-.*^. cllidtiim. Lam. Stout herb or salishrub. 1-2 ft. tall, 

 with prickly stems ami ovat^ acutedobed h's.: tls. white, 1 in. 



2342. Solanum Wendlandii. I\Iacli reduced 



or less across: fr. 2 in. or more across, tlatteiied on the ends, 

 corrugated, scarlet, showy. Porto Rico. F,8. 19:1988. F.iM. 

 1871:521. R.B. 20. p. 249. R.H. 1888, p. 78. Perhaps a form of 

 S. acideatissimum, JaCQ.— />', coniutum, Lara, (S. Fontanesia- 

 Qiim,Hort.). Annual, 1-2 ft., very spiny, with pinnatifid Ivs., 

 the lobes again lobed and obtuse: Us. golden yellow: fr. small, 

 spiny. Mes. G.C. III. 22:311. — .S'. crispum, Ruiz & Pav. Erect 

 or half-climbing woody shrub, with simple ovate-oiilong entire 

 or undulate Ivs., and large clusters of pale purple red-ribbed tis. 

 an inch across. Chile. B,M.37y.^. B.R. 18:1516. L.B.C.20:19:>lt. 

 r-in. 44:919; 51, p. 230. Half-hardy vei-y beautiful climber.— N, 

 Dulcamara, Linn. Bitter.^weet. Scrambling vine of the Old 

 World, but naturalized about dwellings and along roads and 

 even in swamps: Ivs. cordate-ovate, some of them ear-lobed at 

 the base: ds. small, nodding, star-like, blue, succeeded by 

 showj' oblong red shining herrief^.—S. pensile, Sendt. Climber, 

 allied to S. Duicamara: Ivs. cordate-ovate, simple and entire: 

 tls. blue, 1 in. across, deeply lobed, in long panicles or racemes: 

 berry globose, size of a pea, purple. Guiana and the Amazon. 

 B.iiL 7062.— ''.S'. Pien-'mnXDii. South Amerii-H, Very interest- 

 ing and pretty for its fruits striped different colnis." Fran- 

 ceschi. L. H. R. 



SOLDANflLLA (Latiu, a .s>inil( coin: referring to the 

 shape of the Ivs.). Pri nuilareip. About 4 species of 

 alpine plants 2-3 in. high, with nodding, funnel-shaped, 

 fringed flowers of violet or purplish blue, and about K- 

 % in. across. Soldanelia.s are amongst the most famous 

 flowers of the Alps, though not the commonest. S. a/- 

 pina ascends the mountains to the line of perpetual 

 snow. Grant Allen, in "Flashlights on Nature," de- 

 clares that the flower of Soldamdla actually thaws its 

 wav up tbr.'ugh a solid block of ice. Soldanellas are 

 cultivated in this countrv only in a few large rock gar- 

 dens. Those who have *liniite<l resources and dwell in 

 the region of changeable winters might attempt to grow 

 these plants in pots under a frame in lieu of nature's 

 winter covering. According to J. B. Kfdler, tliey ])rcfer 

 a half-shady or shady position and are pro]-, by ^eed or 

 divisifin. 



Soldanellas are native only to tlie Ali)S of middle 

 Europe. Thev are slen<ler, glabrous, j.erennial herbs, 

 with short rliizomes: Ivs. long-stalked, thick, roundish, 

 with a heart-shaped or kidney-shaped base, entire: 

 scapes slender, solitarv or few, about 6 in. high or less: 

 calyx 5-parted: corolla r)-cut. The descriptions of the 



s\iecies are lirre adopted from Koch's Synopsis Flora? 

 biernuuiica'. Some white-flowered forms have been re- 

 ci.irded. 



A. J'ls. 2--} ot) II Rcapr : roroIJa spHf half ivay to the 

 ba.^r: filanuHlsJni/fns hni'j as anth>rrs. 

 B. Pfillc^ls jn,h.'.sr.',it. 

 montina, Willd. Lvs. roundish: margin slightly and 

 remotely crenate : tls. violet. May-duly. 



BB. PviVireU ri>iii]liixh . 



alplna, Linn. Fig. 2;i43. Lvs. roundish; base more 

 or less kidney - shaped ; mafi^iii entire or somewhat 

 waw: fis. violet, with «larker streaks. Mav, H.M. 411. 

 G.C. 11. 24:457. 



AA., Fls. snlitarn : royaUa s/>Ii/ a tltird of ilie ira i/ fo 

 /hr base: fi/aiii''nls aboal as hnnj as <(}i(hers. 



B. Prflirtl.'< roiifjjtish . 



pusilla, Baumg. Base of lvs. heart-shaped or kidney- 

 shaped; margin somewhat wavy: lis. copper-colored, 

 verging on blue, the fringes straight, not spreading. 

 May. 



BB. PtJici'/s jnibfsreii/ . 



minima, Hoppe. Lvs. roundish : fls pale lilac, streaked 

 purple inside; the fringes spreading; at the tips. June, 



J^^iy- w. M. 



SOLEA (after \\. Sole, autlna- nt ;i monograph of the 

 mints of England). \'iiil(lce(f'. A single species native 

 to the eastern U. S., an herbaceous pi^rennial 1-2 ft . high, 

 with mostly oblong, narrowly acuminate leaves :i-5 in. 

 long, and small nodding greenish flowers solitary or in 

 pairs in many of the leaf-axils: sepals linear and equal; 

 petals nearly equal, connivent nearly their entire length, 

 the lower one much larger, saccate at the base, eniargi- 

 nate at the broad apex; stamens with broad connectives 

 wholly connate into an ovoid sac f)pen only between the 

 free tips, a rounded or 2-lobeil scale-like gland adnate 

 to the iiase anteriorly. 



c6ncolor, Ging. ( fonid/nin caaclny. Benth. & Hook.). 

 May, June. Moist woods. B.B. 2:4.5b. -Is offered by 

 collectors. f. W. Barclay. 



SOLENANTHUS (Greek, fitbe and flower: referring 

 to the form of the corolla). Borragind.ce(f'. About 15 

 species of perennial herbs from Europe and Asia with 

 alternate leaves and blue or rosy flowers eitlier in long. 



2343 Soldanella alpina ( A ^o) 



simple, bracted racemes or in shorter, bractless, scir- 

 pioid, panicled racemes: calyx .5-parted; segments nar- 

 row, but little enlarged in fruit; corolla tubular, the 

 lobes short, erect or somewhat spreading; stamens ex- 

 serted: ovary-lobes -1 , distinct : nutlets 4. 



