1684 



SONEfilLA 



SOPHORA 



with small white dots and is pale green below. Var. 

 punctata is mufh like the preceding variety but has 

 paler leaves. Var. picta has the purplish Ivs. of the 

 typ<^, with nil irrt.-,Li:iilar lanceolate strip of silvery gray 

 dowu the niiddl.-. Var. Robert Sallier, R.B. 20:61. has 

 dark green Ivs. pfp|>ered white and with a lanceohite 

 ligure of silver <l<.\vii the luiddle. ^aid to be a hybrid 

 of vars. /j/c/'( and j'linffatd. It has the stripe of one 

 and the dots of the uther. 



0. margaritElcea, Lindl. This is the most important 

 species. The name "margaritucea" means "pearly," re- 

 ferring to the rei^ular rows of pearly spots between the 

 nerves and parathd with them, which are characteristic 

 of the typical f'lrui. Lvs. ovatedanceolate, acutely ser- 

 rate, 7-9-nervi'd, ghd)rous, purplish b^low, acute at the 

 base: tls. rnsv. H-M. 5104. F.S. 11.11L!(J (nerves too 

 parallel). Ml. 11:40. Lowe Hi. -SiiiM>"sed to b<.- native 

 of Java. In V.d. 11 of this work, i^a:;-.- 084, (Trnvr.-<i,f 

 guttata, y^iiv. uni nja i ifacea . is errnniMHisly referre<l to 

 Sonerila instc^ad nf ^alpinga. Siiljmnja ),n'ri/arlia^ 

 cea is readily r.ihl from ^oiu rlJn iim r'/n rihicea by its 

 5-nerved lvs. and floral parts in ."I's. 



0. H6ildersoni, Hort. This is referred by Cogniaux to 

 S. waraarif'treii, of which it is iirrhaps merely a horti- 

 cultural variety. For trade purposes it is convenient to 

 treat it like a distinct species. It seems to be the chief 

 parent in tlie development of the numerous hylu-ids 

 with blotched foliage. It differs from the type in hav- 

 ing a broader leaf with a shorter acumen and rounded 

 base, and especially in beinii; covered with irregular 

 blotches, which, however, do not cross the nerves. 

 F.M. 187.5:159. I.H. 23:230. -The blotches are all a})Out 

 the same size. N. J{dmei, Linden, has more regular and 

 roundish blotches, which are nearer white and on a 

 darker ground. The under side is netted with rosy pur- 

 ple. I.H. 2;i:2.54. 



7. argentea, Hort. ( .S'. Rend^'rsonl , var. argnitea, 

 Fournier). For linrticultural purposes this may he 

 treated a'; a ilistini't species, characterized by its silvery 

 foliage, reseud)ling that of certain begonias, with no 

 dark green exce[d on the nerves. This is the parent of 

 most of the forms that have a silvery cast of foliage, 

 just as S. Sendemoni is responsible for the irregular 

 blotches. I.H. 23:230. — Sonerila Alp. Van De Sande 

 shows the Hendersoni and argentea blood in the large 

 silvery blotches, most of which are larger than in Hen- 

 dersoni. 



A very handsome liyln-id between the nrientalis and iiiarsa- 

 ritanea groups is r_-alled Mme. Paul du Toiot. It has the serrate 

 leiif and some of the sitveriness of S. argentea, with the mim- 

 herless minute dots of the S. orientalis group. It is much like 

 Robert SaUier, but tlie central coloring is bronzy as well us sil- 

 very and more hmki-n up l.)y the green. 



S. marmnrata and /ilcfurata of Siehrerht cannot he a^cfinnted 

 for by the undersit,'ned. ■\y_ ^i 



SOPHORA (SophPva, Araidan ]ianie of a tree with 

 pea- shaped flowers ) . Including St ijph nolohiitni and 

 JSd'cardsia. Leg am htosi-p. Ornamental deciduous or 

 evergreen trees or shrubs, sometimes perennials with 

 alternate, odd-pinnate leaves, papilionaceous, yellow, 

 whitish or violet flowers and long and narrow monili- 

 form pods. The best known species, S. Japouira, is 

 hardy as far north as Mass., but .S'. platf/carpa seems to 

 be somewhat hardier. The evergreen species with large 

 yellow fls. are tender and can be grown only in the 

 southern states and California; they are very showy in 

 spring when they are in bloom; in England they "are 

 often planted atrainst a wall, where they can be easily 

 pi-otected against light frost. 8. Japonica is especially 

 valuable for its late-appearing flowers, which are white 

 and disposed in ample panicles; the foliage is dark green 

 and graceful and the tree is conspicuou;^:- in winter on 

 account of its dark green branches. The Sophoras 

 thrive best in well-drained sandy loam but grow fairly 

 well in rather dry soil. Prop, by seeds and the varieties 

 by grafting on the typical form; some species are also 

 increased by greenwood cuttings and liy layers. 



More than 25 species in the temperate regions of both 

 hemispheres. Trees, shrubs or herbs : lvs. odd-piniiate, 

 with usually opposite small Ifts, : Ms. papilionaceous, in 

 racemes or terminal leafy panicles: calyx: with 5 short 

 teeth; standard orbicular or lu-oadly obovate ; stamens 



10, free or connate only at the l>ase: pod stalked, almost 

 terete or 4-winged, rarely compressed, few- to many- 

 seeded, moniliform, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent. 

 The fls. and frs. of /S. Japonica yield a yellow dye, S. 

 tomentosa has medical properties, and the seeds of ^V. se- 

 cHiidiflora contain sophorine, a poisonous alkaloid. S. 

 tetraptera is a valuable timber tree in its native country. 



2348. Soohora Japonica, var. pendula, in winter. 



INDEX. 



I Including names advertised under Edwardsia. s. L. — sup- 

 plementary list.) 



affinis, S. L. granditlnra, 4. pendula, 1. 



alopecuroidcs, S. Tj. .Juponica. 1. platycarpa, 2. 



australis, S. l. Korolfcoivi. s. L. secundiHora, 3. 



Chilensis, 5. Macnahiana, 4. tetraptera, 4. 



Ohinensis, s. n. macror'ariia, .'^. tomentosa, s, l. 



chrysophylla, s. l. microphyUa, 4. violacea. S. L. 



A. Fls. icTitte or violet. 



B. Lrs. deciduous: fls. in terminal panicles. 



c. Cali/x rounded at the base. 



1. Jap6nica, Linn. {Stifpltuoldhium Ja p{6nicxim, 

 Schott}. Japan Pagoda Tree. Tree, attaining 00 ft., 

 with spreading branches, forming a dense round head: 

 lvs. 7-9 in. long; Ifts. 5-13, distinctly stalked, ovate to 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute, rounded at base, dark green and 

 glossy above, more or less pubescent beneath, 1-2 in. 

 long: fls. yellowish white, Vq, in. long, in loose panicles 

 15 in. long: pod distinctly stalked, glabrous, terete, 

 2-3 in. long, % in. broad. July-Sept. China; cidt. in 

 Japan. Gn. 24, pp. 210, 211, 214; 29. p. 222. (i.M. 3S:(i(15. 

 (ing. 6, p. 247. M.D.G. 1898:183.- Var. pendula, Loud. 

 Figs. 2348, 2349. With long and slender pendulous 

 branches. R.H. 1876:194, 195. On. 9, pp. 600, 001; 24, 

 pp. 202, 203, 211; 28, p. 27. M.D.G. 1898:182. The form 

 with variegated lvs. has little to recommend it. There 

 are several allied forms in cultivation probably intro- 

 duced from E. Asia, of similar appearance and of about 

 the same hardiness; they are yet imperfectly known 

 under provisional narnes: such are iS. Cliinensis, Koro!- 

 kon-f, toiiientiisa and violacea , for which see suiiple- 

 mentary list. The pictures of the Weeping Sophora 

 (Figs. 2:i48, 2349) are adapted fnnu Revue Horticole. 



Cr. Cahjx )iarronu-il into the pedicel. 



2. platycdrpa, Maxim. Tr<'e, similar in habit to the 

 preceding but with very distinct fr. : Ifts. 11-15, alter- 

 nate, ovate to el]i].ttic-lance(tlate, acuminate, glalirous or 

 nearly so, 2-3 "^.^ in. long: fls. white, over }-2 in. long: 

 calyx gradually narrowed into tlie short pedicel: pod 

 oblong to oldoug-lan<"eolate, cuiipressed and 2-wiTiged, 

 1-5-seeded. Japan.— Has proved hardier than 6\ -/<'- 

 iioiiicd and is therefore to ]>e recommended for northern 

 regions, 



BB. Lrs. j>frsisfe}it: fls. violet, in teruiixal rucem''.-i. 



3. Becundifldra, Lag. SnudI tree, 35 ft. high.or shrubhy, 

 with short, slender trunk and upright branches forming 



