STILES 



STOCKS 



years, to t!u- rlose of ]ii^ life, Uv Arvn[c^\ iiiiu^.-lf to 

 this journal throuirli viua>r.uis nlilorial wriiiiiL,^ ami 

 miinageuR'iit, ami ^t<■:l>Uly maintaiiird tlw Iiiuli rhar- 

 aoter of tlu' most alilo and iiiliuenti;tl pcrioiiifal in 

 Amerie'uu horticultural journalism. His ripf scholar- 

 ship, sonml juvKniient, nmsti-rly use of En^^lNh, ;iml 

 porsistrnt rneriry. all (.'ontri InitvMl to \\\v surcrss ..f this 

 part of his lifrwork. au-l In-. iTi'toimil, sympiithrtlr 

 understaudiii.ij: of rouiiift \\iiU nauu'o as a human ainl 

 spiritual netal. chavarti-riLTil all his acti\-itu's. t'ur 

 many years hv rrniK-'ml i-onspi.umus service in workiui;- 

 for the estahlishment of small parks easily aceessihle to 

 the poor, ami for the \vi-.r ,-,iiHlui-t of the laru^-r parks 

 and their preservation from invasion and despoilment. 

 His special ahiliiy and intluen''e rorrixed pnhlic recog- 

 nition in l^i'o. when he was appoiuted a I'ark commis- 

 sioner of Kew York city, a position in whi(di lie 

 rendered sii:rnul and vahuihle service until the time of 

 his death. "William A. Stiles was nnniarrii/d. He had 

 a fund of inimitahle wit and humor, and was tin.' warm 

 and honored friend of rlie l^-st men and women in the 

 oonimunities in wdiieh he li\"i.'d. -\| p, ( 'oi:^LSTt >N" 



STILLlNGIA (after Dr. Renj. StiUingdeet. an Enir- 

 lish hotanistl. jb^ttpliorhiiirtd'. About l.^i species of 

 herbs or shrubs from iSioi-th aud South America with 

 alternate, stipuhite leaves and small, nioncecious, apeta- 

 lous flow-ers in terminal spikes. The genus is closely 

 allied to Sapium. but ditfers mainly in the fruit, "which 

 in Stillingia is of 12-3 dry 1-seeded ear].>els wdth no cen- 

 tral axis remaining after dehiseenee but with a lari^e, 

 persistent, odiorned receptacle, while in Sapiuju the 

 fruit dehisces by splitting down the back of each 

 carpal, leaving a o-wiuged central axis to which the seed 

 is for a long time persistent: the large receptacle is 

 also wanting in Sapium. 



sylvitica, Linn. Queen's Delk^ht. A half-hardy 

 perennial herb with a woody root: stems clustered. 

 '2-:> ft. high: Ivs. numerous, very short-petioled or sessili'. 

 liuear-lauceolate to obovate, obtusely serrate: tls. yel- 

 lowish, in terminal sjiikes. Spring to fall. Southern 

 states. According to Mueller's " Select Extra Tropical 

 Phmts," the root is extensively Ti>ed for its enmtic anil 

 purgative p'troperties. C. I*. Beadle repi.>rts that tlie 

 plant has stood a temperature of —\>^' at Bilrniore, 

 X. C. The plant grows readily irom se^'d. hut does uot 

 hear transplanting well. 



F'^ir 5. sehifrrT.m. see Sapuim sel>ifenini 



F. W. Bak^'LAV. 



STIPA iCTreek. .^f'p'\ tow: in allusion to the plumose 

 awns of one of the La-iiriual species). Gfi inhi,:,r . A 

 large genus of ab'.iut lOU species, thi'oughout the world 

 except the colder parts. They are particularly charac- 

 teristic of the plains, savannas and steppes. The long, 

 sharp-pointed awns of some species are troublesome or 

 even dangerous to stoidv. especially sheep, on account 

 of their temlency to work thriiULdi the skin and info 

 the vital organs. Perennial irras>.es with narrow invo- 

 lute leaves and loose panicles: spikelets 1-dd. ; empty 

 glumes memliranaceous, lon^-er timn the indurated ll.- 

 glume; fl. -glume with a sharp hairy callus below and a 

 stout persistent twisted a^vn al.i'jve. At maturity the d.- 

 ?hime falls away from the em])ty glnnn-s. The s]iecies 

 here mentioned are cultivated f-jr ornament, including 

 the making of dry bouquets. 



penn^ta, Linn. Featitek Grass, (.'uhns 2-.'; ft., in 

 bunches; empty glumes narrowed into awns an in<;h or 

 more long: fl. -glume ^-.^ in. or more long; awn a foot or 

 more long, lower portion smooth and twisted, the upper 

 very plumose, giving the panicle a very feathery orn;i- 

 rnental appearance. Steppes of Euroj^e and Silieria. 

 Gn.O.p. 199. V. 3:247. E.H. ISDO, p- J^^"'- 



elegantissima. Labill. Stems 2-3 feet, erect from a 

 horizontal rhizome: Ivs. narrow and erct: pani<di' 

 very loose, (i-S in. long, very plumose: spikelets l~\\ 

 lines long: awn 1''^ in. long. Thrives in sandy soil. 

 Australia. 



tenacissima, Linn. Eispakto Gkass. Culms 2-3 ft.. 

 in bunches: Ivs. narrow, smooth, cylindrical, elongated: 

 panicles contracted, 2-cleft: fl. -glume awned between 

 teeth; awn 1-2 in. Spain and North Africa. The Ivs. 



furnish iil>ei' from which are maile )-o]ies, mats [eqier 

 etc. in Africa it is called Haifa ur Alfa. 



spartea, Trin. ri.iuruTiXE Grass, ("'ulnis 2-3 ft,, ia 

 imnclo's : panicles conti-aeted ; empty i^dumi's l^rMinl , 

 nerved, about 1'- in,, taperiu,-: to a sleiidei' iioim . fl.- 

 i^lunie ni'arly 1 in.; awn usually about G in. long, the 

 lower half erect. pube-.ceut and strongly twisted, the 

 up])er half bent to one side, rough. Illinois to Cali- 

 fornia. 



capillata, Linn. Similar to .S. ■■<j><i rfic : flowers niore 

 mimerous but smalh'r in every Nvay : fl.-i^dunn- ahout ^^ 

 in. long; lower part of awn only ininuttdy pubescent, 

 and the upjier or bent portion sinuous. I'lains, Europe. 



A. S. HiT'Hi.o. K. 



ST. JOHN'S WORT. II uptriruni . 



STOB.ffiA (after O. Stobauis, a Swedish patron of 

 T/inna.'Usl. CfiiipiUit.r. This genus is included bv 

 Bentham and Hooker under Berkheya. About 7o .-.pe- 

 des of South African herbs or somewhat sin uhl.iN- 

 l'lants, commonly -with asi)ect of thistles as io rlie feli"- 

 age. Lvs. usually decurrent. duntaP', pinnatilid vv \)'u\- 

 natisect. the lobes dentate and spiny: heads small to 

 lar^e. solitary or smuew hat corymbose ; rays usual h- 

 yellow. 



purpurea. DO. {BrrkJi» n'l p/d-jnurn . Benth. A: Hook. ! . 

 A half - hardy, probably idennial plant 2-3 ft. high : 

 lower lvs. about 1 ft. long, irregularly lobe<l, spiny on 

 the margins, cottony beneath, dark green abo\-e : .stem- 

 Ivs. smaUer, loug-decurrent : fl. -heads 3 in. across, pur- 

 ple to w-hite, resembling a single dahlia. 0.(__\ ].s72:12(iL 

 — Ti:> be recc>mmended for growing with half-)iard\' al- 

 idues. It can be wintered in a coldframe. Prop, V)y 



seed aud division. 



F. W. Barclay. 



STOCKS {for V-otany, ^vo J/aftJnnh, . Fig. 240]; also 

 comjtare Eigs. 42-1:, 137; and 2402) are divided into 

 two grc'Ups, Sunnner and ^^'inter Stocks. The foriuer 

 are ammals and therefore bloom in the first sunnner; 

 the latter are biennials and bh.)om in the second year, 

 or. if sown very earl>". late in the fall or the winter of 

 the lirst year. Fall (.ir intermediate Strirks ar^.' between 

 these two grouj^s ; they bloom profusely in the autumn. 



The seed of the Suumier Stocks^ or, as they are com- 

 nn_tnly called. "Ten Weeks' Stocks," is sown from the 

 end of February until April, mostly in a hikewarm hot- 

 bed, which must he sunny and well aired, (i.iod eh ;ui 

 li'ardeu soil, well mixed with sand and free of manure, 

 is the proper soil for sowing the seed in. The seed will 

 germinate in (.i-UUla}'s, the light-seeded sorts germinat- 

 ing quicker than the dark-seeded kinds. Air must l.ie 

 admitted as soi.m as the seeds have sprouted, a great 

 deal in warm weather and less when the weather is raw, 

 until tinally the sash can be euiii-ely removed dtiring the 

 day. If the seedlings need water it should be given in 

 The morning, so that they are <lry at night. H' the sun 

 is hot the seedlings must be shaded. If the seed is to 

 be raised from pot-grown plants a good, well-matured, 

 sandy garden s^.dl should be u^ed which cr>ntains ;ni 

 admixture of well-roited s<id dv tlo.^ soil taken from 

 river Imttoms. The ]M.irs are aln:>ut il inches high, with 

 a dian;ieter of 7 inches. When they show their fourth 

 li-af the seedlings are planted firmly into these pots 

 with a dibber, pots being w-idl filled with the above 

 soil; care should be taken that the roots are inserted 

 vertically. Fr<'m r> to S plants are put into such a ]iot- 

 These pots an- then placed on sunny stages, usually 

 protected hy tilt-roofs. The development of the plants 

 depends now priuciiially on careful watering, which is 

 done mostly with watering pots and at the l>eginning 

 with a fine spray attached to the spout of the watering 

 pot. After a crust has formed on the top of the soil, 

 tlie spray is discimtiinn^d aud the pots are watered ^^dth 

 the pipe of the can. This watering is done at night dur- 

 ing warm weather and in the morning when the weather 

 is cold. Very little watering is done in continuously 

 cloudy or rainy weather. The watering of the Stocks is 

 the most particular and important part in the cultiva- 

 tion in pots, for if due care is not exercised a white 

 mai:got will make its appearance while the plants are 

 in bud and destrov the roofs. The common fiea-beetle 



