1736 STRAWBERRY STRAWBERRY 



mens that they are practically pistillate or sterile. Any New varieties of Strawberries are raised from seed 



variety will fertilize any other variety if it hears sulli- with the greatest ease.. The generations of Strawberries 



cient pollen and if the two kinds bloom at the sametime. are short and new varieties soon find favor. Tlie varie- 



When planting pistillate varieties, everv tliinl row ties change so fn-einently in popular estimation that it is 



inipracticai)le to recoinmend a list of them in a work like 



this. The tirst great American berry was the Hovey 



(Pig. 1088, Vol. III. Perhaps the most popular single 



J ,^^^ ,, ^f, 5, "~^.».^y^-Ti.-i-i-i_ variety has been the Wilson (Fig. 24120), now practically 



,<^~^'Ti-;-i);^^ X'A'' V V '/iiS5-^ extinct. The accompanying pictures (Figs. 24L'l-'J-lL',j| 



1^^^^'^ ^■^^'^^'^ show types of American Strawberries. 



'^ ^^^H^l The common garden Strawberries are the progeny of 



^^^^^/'<^>.-^^ ' / Fraijiiriii Cliil'ieiisix, native to tljc Pariflc coast of 



"''''^^ //^ I B America, and tirst introduced to cultivation from Chile 



»s«j-;-fi"^/ nearly 200 years ago. See I'riii/a lia . In Europe the 



/W^^ii'^^ Alpine and Hautbois types of Strawljerries (P. vesca 



'y^^ / ; *^^^^s;:* and IP. viOfychata) are highly prized as dessert fruits. 



^ .^^^^^Hv^ ' '! These are sometimes grown in this country by amateurs, 



^1^-^''"?^^^^^^*,-/ but they are unknown lo commercial Strawberry cul- 



'^.'y^r^^'^^^M^s^kT^^ ture. The native Fnuiar'nt i'i rgi nia iia, everywhere 



^^^ common in fields in eastern North America, gives little 



_j,, , promise under cultivation. It usually runs strongly to 



Wiss:'jsssimaef vine, at the expense of fruit-bearing. 



7^^^^^^^^l^-yr<' There are several serious fungous diseases and insect 



1 ?;^^^^^^kC i^ pests of the Strawberry. The fundamental treatment 



- .-MBvasmss-^ , for all these is to fruit the bed but tuice, or at most hut 



^^^^^^^ twice, and to grow succeeding crops on other laud, 



.,,,^ _, , o. , 1 ^ cleaning up the old iilantafion thoroughly after the last 



2416. Pot-grown Strawberry plant. . * ou j- ■ , i v . t- i i 



■* trultmg. Short, quick and sharp rotations and clean 



should be a pollen-bearing kind. The horticultural culture do much to keep all enemies in check. Most of 

 bearing of the sexual characters (if the Strawberry the fungous enemies are kept in check with relative 

 flower seems to have been tirst clearly explained in this ease by spraying with Bordeaux niLxture. Fig. 242C. 

 country by Nichnlas Longworth, of Cincinnati (s.-e The American book writings on the Strawberry are: 



Loiujworlli: al^.i his essay on the subject in his "Culti- R. (t. Pardee, "A Compk'te Manual of the Cultivation of 

 vation of the Grape," 1846, and the "Straw- 

 berry Report" of the Cincinnati Horticultural _ 



Society, 1848). When many of the akenes or '^A, 'f" "\ \- ? r'^'^~ )- 



"seeds" of the Strawberry are not fertilized / "^^ .ii;\//'' ') t: ^ ** ^ ( ;( 



or are killed by frost or other means, the berry \«^ va.'!©^ ^ x ^ \ ) I T ' 



fails to develop at that point and a "nubbin," -' '^^'Wik?'2^ ««*%& ^-^ 



or imperfect berry, is the result. Fig. 2419. f' "^fSbv? ( ifx -s^W- / ■^''if^^ ^' 



Nubbins are usually most abundant late in the ^ -'^l^'W^^ > *^ J^' T? *'■■ '^. 0W^' /■ 



fruiting season, ^^lll■n the poih-n supply is T --^^^|^^^ '' ^ ~' '^n-if'^ ^i -^ v '• ' 



small and when the |ilaiits are relatively ex- "- ,>, ■'J§kW 1 -Sfc A 



hausted. " >! /'^'-^-i ! 1^ '-'^A^ 



The cost of grnwiug an a<-rr "t Strawber- I A \ 'iV/jfe ^ "^ '^ • '■' 



ries under conimpiTi;d ■■niiditiiiii-i in Oswego ■' ja-^'f^ft -^^ 1 m >rj»^-» 



county, New York (wliirli i> mi.. (,f the lead- "^ l/T ^^^S. l'^ \\ .Jf -S^^ 



ing Strawberry .Toiri-^ .d' the North i is ap- ^V»W «W 



proximately as folio\\'s : ilw' V7 llf/ 



Rent of land, two years $1100 tj /j' 1 



Plowiue and fill iiiu li 00 I // V\ 



Plants 1.'. 00 \\ ' \\ 



Setting plants -I 00 



Cultivation I'l no 2418. Sexes ol Strawberry ilowcrs. 



Straw for winter iiiiil I'niitins riiuli-li 1 "> 00 .. ., , ^.^ .. ^ ^ ^ ., - i,i ■ ^-n , *i .. ,. n..,.i-i,..^ 



Laboi^-hoeirg, pulling weeds, eb- 10 00 -^* ""' '''"' " perteet flower; at the risht. a p,stdbh. tlon.r (Uckme 



stamens}; in tin.' nuddle, stamens lew. 



Total cost *" 00 



Many growers raise berries at a much less cost, ami a the Strawberry," New York, 1854, and subsequent edi- 



few exceed this sum especially when located near a tions; A. S. Fuller, "The Illustrated Strawberry Cul- 



large town where rents are high; but it would be s:ife turist," New Y''ork, 1802, and subsequent editions; J. M. 



for one about to engage in Strawberry-growin.g to ligure ;\lerrick, -Jr., "The Strawl)erry and its Culture," Boston, 



close to this total, a^^ide from the cost of fertilizer. hsyil; (_'harles Barnard, "The Stf:iwberrv Carden," Bos- 

 ton, 1,S71; T. B. Terry and A. I. R..ot,'"Hnw to Crew 



-::^ V ^((kW Sta 11/ Str;i\vberries," Medina, Ohio, 1800; L. J. Fanner, 



"\T^^vMm "Farmer on the Strawberry," Pulaski, N. Y., 1801. 



f^ t ^, I n'A^^mii- Aside from these writings, the Strawberry is well 



, ' ^-^/^3^M^il treated in various books devoted to small fruits and to 



Tn^jO '™'*' '" .'general. L. i\, p,. 



., ,J ;" ''ffWiraWl Culture of Strawberries. - [The fidlowing ;Htirle 



* I ^ i ^^,.|„ written for the Editor some ten years ;ii;o by ihc 



late J. iM. Smith, Green Bay, Wis., long known ;;« one 



r of the most expert Strawberry-growers. It has never 



bei-ii published. Jlr. Smith \v;is born at Jlorristown, 



N. d., .hill. i:;. 1820. ;iiid died at Green Bay, Feb. 20, 



^ I,s:i4.-I>. Id. B.] 



^ - ^ Till' Strawberry will grow and tlirive in all parts of 



.^^^ ^ _ ' - ' the Cniled State's where any fruit will grow, and yet, 



^f^^^_-, ^ " strange as it may seem to young readers, fifty ye;irs 



" "^-^^ ago il w:is scarcely known except as a wild fruit. The 



' writer has no recollection of ever seeing more than one 



2417. Heavy mulcbin^ of Strawberry plants, as practiced in siioill bed of Str:i\vb(n-ries cultivated before he was Lo 



parts of the North. years old. In bo}diood he often acci^mpanied his father 



