1822 



TOOLS 



tained effort in that direotion is Thomas' "Favui liii- 

 I)tein.;nts ami Machinery." IS.IO and 1869. Useful hand- 

 books illustratin;? varions farm devices are "Farm {_'>>n- 

 veniences " and Martin's "Farm Appliances," both pub- 

 lished by the Orauge Judd Comf>any. L. H. B. 



2531, Two types ol tools tor preparing the surface soil. 

 The spike-tooth and spring-tooth harrows. 



TOOTHACHE TREE. See Xantho.rulum. 



TOOTHWORT. Enylish-made name ior Dentaria. 



TORCH LILY. Kuiphnfia 



TORENIA latter (tlaf Toren, cler3:yman; traveled in 

 China 175LI-52 and discovered T. As'iatica). ScropJiuIa- 

 ridcece. About 20 species of annual or perennial herbs, 

 mostly low, branchintJ: and somewhat decumbent, with 

 simple, opposite, serrate or crenate leaves and tubular, 

 somewhat 2-lippcd ilowcrs in terminal or axillary, few- 

 fid, racemes. Tlie species are mainly from tropical 

 Asia and Afrirn. Calyx tubular, plicate or 3-5-winged, 

 oblicpiely :j-r>-dent;(te nr 2-lipped at the top; corolla- 

 tube cylindric;d, usually niuidi wider above; posterior 

 lip erect, bread, een<-ave, nctdied or more deeply cut; 

 lewei- lip l:n-;_''r', s))re;nl in,::, wiili '.) nearly equal iolT^s; 



stani''!!^ 4. perf(^ct: 

 small. 



T'jrenias are <if e; 

 for window-ijoxes, l< 

 The flowers are not 

 and kee)) in lomhI le; 

 T. Foin-}'!, ri lias rl 

 but it may be bnrd 

 easily raided fi-.nn : 

 cuttinixs. wlii'di roi>t ipiiekly. 



oblony 



seeds numerous, 



isy fultivaTjon and are very useful 

 i\\- iHU'di-rs nj- even for large masses. 

 larL'^e lint tin- (>lants are floriferous 

 if and flowers from sprint:: to frost. 

 le best lifibit for a beddiuft- jdant, 

 ■red with T. fhivfi. The plants are 

 d. but may also be grown from 



2532. The hand-wheel hoe. 



A. Fl:< 



2533. A hand seed-: 



flava, Bneh.-Ham. [T. n<)l]]n),i, Godefr.). Usually 

 decumbenl an<l ereeinng: h ^. 1-2 in. long, ovate to nb"- 

 long, coarsely ereiiate; i.ctiole half as long as the b!a<le 

 or less: ds. axillary and solitary or scattered at the 

 ends of the branches in pairs on an erect rachia; co- 



TORREYA 



rolla-fube red -purple above, yellow beneath; corolla 

 liml> briglit golden yellow witli a purple eye. India and 

 E. Asia." B.M. G700. F. lSb:J;55. 



AA. Fls. mninlij hJiie or icJiifc. 



Asiatica, Linn. Annual, erect or diffuse: stem quad- 

 rangular: l^'s. ovate or uvate -lanceolate, long -acumi- 

 nate, serrate, obtuse, not cordate at the base, rough to 

 the touch: peduncles axillary, single-fid.: corolla large; 

 tube dark purple; limb 4doi»ed, of a delicate pale pur- 

 ple-blue, with a dark blotch on H of the lobes, without a 

 yellow eye; stamens 4, the 2 longer with a subulate 

 spur. India. B.M. 4249. 



Fournieri, Linden {T. edetituJa, Hort., not Benth.). 

 Fig. 25."i4. Low, bushy, usually annual, becoming nearly 

 1 ft. high: stem 4-angled; Ivs. petioled, cordate-lanceo- 

 late, 1-1^2 in. long, crenate-.serrate; petiole % in. long; 

 corolla-tube narrow, yellow; corolla-limb 2-lipped, the 

 posterior lip not cut, pale blue, the anterior 3-lohed: 

 lobes round obtuse, dark purplish blue, the anterior 

 lobe marked with a yellow blotch. I.H. 23:249. R.H. 

 1876, p. 465. B.M. 6747.— Var. Alba, Hort. (var. White 

 Wings) has pure white tiowers. A. F. 5:401. G.M. 30:87. 

 Var. grandifldra has somewhat larger fis. and is more 

 free-flowering. In the neighborhood of Philadelphia, 

 self-sown seed sometimes germinates in the spring ; 

 also seeds of T. flava. p_ ^_ Barclay. 



Tore^iia Fournieri in Florida is an excellent substi- 

 tute for the pansy, which is cultivated only with diffi- 

 culty so far south. Young plants come up "by the hun- 

 dreds around the old 

 plants from self-sown 

 seed during the rainy 

 season. The species 

 can also be propagated 

 with great ease l^y cut- 

 tings. The Torenia 

 shows its full beauty 

 wlien planted in beds 

 or borders or in masses 

 in front of small ever- 

 green shrubs. It flow- 

 e r s abundantly 

 throughout the slim- 

 mer, and even late in 

 fall isolated flowers 

 nu\y be found. The 

 liest results are ob- 

 tained by treating it 

 as an annual. Any 

 goo(l and rich liglit 

 soil seems to meet its 

 ri'i|uirenients. It suc- 

 ceeds almost eve r y- 

 wliere Imt prefers 

 sliade and moisture. 

 It even grows luxuri- 

 antly in wet places 



alon.i^ ditches and water-courses where forget-me-nots 

 grow in the North. If such localities, however, are very 

 siiady, the flowers, though much larger, are neither pro- 

 duced as abundantly nor are they colored so brightly as 

 in sunny situations. On the other hand, it is sometimes 

 found in sneli dry positions, where only cacti and yuc- 

 cas manage' to live, that one can scarcely understand 

 how it is alile to succeed. In good soil the Torenia 

 attains a height of from 8 to "lO inches, and when 

 planted about 8 inches apart soon cover the ground en- 

 tirely. There is already a great variety in colors, but 

 the typical plant has beautiful light blue and royal 

 purple flowers, with a bright yellow throat, in texture 

 rivaling the most exquisite "^'eivet. ji IsJ'ehrlimg 



TORNILLO. See Prosopis puhcscens. 



TORREYA (after Dr. John Torrey, one of the most 

 distinguished of the earlier American botanists; 179G- 

 1873). Syu., Tumion, Caryotdxiis. Cotufene. Orna- 

 nu'iital evergreen trees, with spreading, usually whorled 

 branches, clothed with yew-like, two-ranked, dark green 

 foliage; the fruits are drupe-like and about 1 in. long- 

 The I'orreyas are but little known in cultivation and 

 rarely seen in a flourishing condition. The southern 



2534. Torenia Fournieri. 

 Detached flower (X %). 



