1832 



TRANSPLANTING 



TRAVELER S JOY 



vious to moving, all or part way anniud the tree at a 

 diameter less than the size of the liall to be moved, is 

 beneficial. With very large balls, freezing aids in keep- 

 ing the soil solid, although it destroys the hue roots 

 outside the ball. 



Evergreens may be moved any month in the year. In 

 June and Julv, the new growth is likely to wilt more 

 than in August, after it has hardened. It is well to pro- 

 tect from dec[) freezing ami drying winds in winter. 



Hexuv Hioks. 



Another View o! Transplanting Large Trees. -The 

 modern demand for immediate eflV<.-r in landscape work 

 lias been met by the successful transplanting of large 

 trees. The method employed about Chicago differs 

 somewhat from that in vogue in the east. This is due 

 to a considerable degree to the condition of the soil in 

 which the trees are found. 



near the apex. The fruit is about i?4 in. across and has 

 4 spinescent angles. It is roasted and eaten in some 

 parts of Europe tike the common chestnut. The Indian 

 species, T. blspinosa, is said to yield very large and 

 sweet nuts which are commonly sold in the East under 

 the name of Singhara Nut. The name Trapa is abbre- 

 viated from ca!cifrapa, wdiich is the same as caltrops, 

 an instrument of war used to impede the progress of 

 mounted warriors. It had 4 spine-like projections, like 

 the fruit of the Water Caltrops. 



Generic characters: tls. snuUl, axillary, solitary, 

 short-peduncled: calyx 4-parted, the segments persist- 

 ent, sometimes spinescent; petals and stamens 4 

 ovary 2-loculed; ovules solitary, long, pendulous, af- 

 fixed to the septum: fr. top-shaped, leathery or some- 

 what bony, 1-loculed, 1-seeded. About 5 species, native 

 to the warmer parts of the eastern hemisphere. 



2550. Diagram to show how and where the digging is begun. 



Select a shapely tree with well-lialanced crown and 

 which has stood in the open so that all its brancln-s are 

 equally thrifty. A bushy top is preferred that tlie 

 necessary amount of trimming can be done by thinning 

 out whole branches and not disturl>ing the terminal 

 shoots, thus preserving the original outline of the troe. 

 Crowded forest trees are too tall and it is difficult to 

 get the sap to carry to the tr'p. 



A light sandy soil often produces hbrons roots spread- 

 ing over a large area, but tiiis ]u;eiu-'rally slips oft in 

 transplanting and, if frozen, cracks I.iadly when the l.iall 

 is rolled. When resetting a tree, care must be taken to 

 sift in new soil Ijetween the fine hair-roots and get it in 

 direct contact with each rootlet, Itecanse if crowded to- 

 gether the roots are likely to mt. When practicable, it is 

 undoubtedly best to move the roots in their native soil. 

 A hard ball cim be rolled at will and easily supports the 

 weight of the trunk, which otlierwise w^ouhl crush the 

 roots when rolled or handled. The prevailing soil about 

 Chicag(.> is two fi-et of rieh black loam and a subsoil of 

 clay. Tliis is icieal for giving ]ilcnty of fibrons I'oots 

 near the trunk, and a liody to tlie ball of earth encasing 

 the roots, without waiting for the ground to freeze. 

 This allows a longer planting season and nmkes it easy 

 to have loose soil to tamp around the tree. 



After the tree has been dug loose, rock haidv and 

 forth, filling under it each time with soil, until the 

 whole bull is standing tliish with the surface. It <le- 

 pends upon tlie weight of the load what style of a 

 wagon is to be used. A hardwood tree of thirt}" inches 

 in diameter weiirhs, with proper ball, abont fifteen tons. 

 This is the limit of practical construction for a low-hung 

 stone triick. Simply pull the tree over and rest it on the 

 high support over the rear axle and with block and 

 tackle roll the ball on the wagon. W^hen at the desired 

 location roll otf ngain, letting the ball rest on the ground 

 before dropping into the hole. A counter check should 

 be maintained to keep the tree always under control. 

 Straighten up and thoronghly tani]) so as to anehor it 

 well and the work is complete. -^-^j- ^ Pktei;s<.n 



TRAPA (name explained below). 0}uigi-<)c'iT. Tr<ip(( 

 natan.-<, the Water Chestntt or Water Caltkops, 

 is an interesting ])lant for the aquarium. It has two 

 kinds of leaves. The submerged ones are root-like, 

 long, slender and feathery. The floating Ivs. form a 

 loose rosette. The leaf-stalks are swollen and spongy 



natans, Linn. Water Chestnut. Water Caltrops. 

 Jesuit's Nut. Petiole of tloating Ivs. 2-4 in. long, 

 nearly glabrous: blade rhombic-orbicular, dentate in 

 upper half, slightly villous along the nerves beneath: 

 fr. 4-spiued, but the 2 lateral ones shorter. Eu., Orient. 

 Gn. 24, p. 557. G.C. IL 10:212. B.R. 3:259. 



bispindsa, Roxb. Stnghara Nut. Petiole of floating 

 Ivs. 4-0 in. long, woolly: blade 2x3 in., slightly crenste 

 in the upper half, very villous beneath: fr. % in. thick, 

 with 2 of the spines sometimes absent. India, Cevlon. 



W. M. 



Trapa nafans is one of the daintiest aquatics in 

 cultivation. It is perfectly hardy and very desirable for 

 aquaria, pools, ponds or tub culture. Its beautifully 

 mottled or variegated foliage is very attractive. The 

 flowers are white, small and inconspicuous. The fruits 

 are very large in comparison with the flowers and leaves, 

 but they are hidden beneath the foliage until they 

 ripen, when they drop off. They are good to eat raw, 

 like chestnuts, and are sweeter and more pahdHhle 

 before the shell becomes hard. The nut is not likely to 

 become of commercial in]]iortauce in Anieric;i, Tlic 

 seeds drop from the plant and renmin in the pond alt 

 vv'inter. Wm. Thicker. 



TRAUTVETTfiEIA (Trautvetter. a Russian botanist). 

 l-iainDiculiH-eai. A genus of but two species of North 

 Au)erica and eastern Asia. Tall, erect, perennial herbs: 

 Ivs. liroad, palmately lobed : lis. white, small, coryndiose- 

 paniculate; sepals 3" to 5, caducous; petals none; carpels 

 many, forming 1-seeded akenes. Very hardy, thriving 

 in ordiiuiry or rich soil. Propagated by division of 

 roots. Offered by dealers in native plants. 



Carolin6nsis, Vail. {Rijdrdsfis Caroh'in'nsis, W:dt. 

 T. palun'tia, Fisch. & Mey.). Stems 2-3 feet high: lvs^ 

 alteniale, reticulated, radical ones very large, with 

 lobes much toothed and cut. -Inly. Pa., south and west. 

 B.M. 1030 (as Cimiciftuja ]aihnaia). 



grdndis, Nutt. (ActTpa pabnafa, Hook. A. gi-thidin, 

 Dietr,). ]\Iuch like the above species. Lvs. membran- 

 aceous, more deeply lobed, often to the base, thin, 

 sparsely hairy benea'th along the ribs; reticulations less 

 distinct: styles longer and somewhat curled. Wash., 

 Idaho, Brit." Col. K. C. Davis. 



TRAVELEK'S JOY. ClcmaiiA vUaJha. 



