TRILLS A 



with 

 TluM 



closrly vrliitcd to Liaifis. Th 

 bloomini!,- plants L*-;i ft, lii;j:li, 

 dowtT-heads ot inir\ili.Mir wliiir, 

 tris as folk'ws; Tin-' roois nw V 

 beiii.iX tul)eroii^^) ; tbu iiill.>iH's,'i.' 

 of ra('eniosi_^ or sploate. ami tin- 

 only "J or :! series, wliile those 

 series. Trilisa is iiof so \voll known to 



ios aro iintnnin- 



nuniermis small 



■ tlilTer t'runi Lia- 



lirons (tliosp uf Liatris 



nee is panich'd instead 



invi.lTicval ])raets are in 



of Lia.tris are in many 



ardens as the 



I a. native of the low pine bar- 

 aiid La., it is porliaps hardy. 

 ; advertised by a i^lassarhnsetts 



U is montioncd in some Eiig- 

 it, thrivin,-- in lii;'ht s<iil inid 



srrds sown in intliinm. It i^ 

 iHir native botanies. 



Bhizin^^ Star. AUbuni;! 

 rens from Va, to Fla. 

 Twenty years ag-o it was 

 dealer in native plants, 

 lisli bo(-iks as a banly ]>1 

 prop, by ilivisii.n or by 

 more fully described in < 



odoratissima, Cass. {L/<'tlrls odm-ntissiiHd , Miehx.). 

 Vaxilla i*LAXT. Also called Carolina. N'a.nilla, Dog's- 

 tongue, ete. Lather stout, glabrous, perennial herb, 

 2-3 ft. high: ivs. tliick. entire or sometimes dentate, 

 obtuse. 4-10 X ]-U.> in., oblong, ovate or oval: iuHores- 

 cence corymbose paniculate: tl. -heads idmut '., in. long. 

 Aug.. Sept. B,B. 3:;.il9.-Tlie othnr species {T. paui- 

 cuh'fo. Cass.) has a similar ran--e and is distinguished 

 by its viscid-pubescent stem and thyrsoid-paniculate 

 inflorescence. -^y at 



TElLLIUM (Latin. fii/'lif„>, triple: leaves a.nd floral 

 parts in threes). Liliacriv. Wake-Robin. Likthroot. 

 White Wood Lily. Ground Lily. Twelve species of 

 tuberous-rooted spring-flowering herbs in North Amer- 

 ica, and about half as many more in Asia from Hima- 

 laya to Japan. All the American species and none uf 

 the others are in the trade in this country. The stem is 

 simple and erect, 3-leaved near the summit and bearing 

 one flower with 3 green sepals, 3 white or colored dis- 

 tinct petals, 6 short stamens, and a 3-loculed ovary 

 which ripens into a red or purple berry-like fruit. For 

 a botanical account of the American species, see y. 

 Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 14 (1879). 



Trilliums are amongst the characteristic flowers of 

 American woods. The best known species is T. (/randi- 

 fJorum, which ranges from Canada to the mountains of 

 North Carolina and extends westward beyond the Great 

 Lakes. All Trilliums delight in moist, rich soil. They 

 thrive in woods mold. The root is a deep-seated perpen- 

 dicular tuber or rhizome (Fig. 2572). It is customary to 

 transplant Trilliums from the woods when in bloom. 

 This is because the plants can be found readily at that 

 time and because the desire to grow them is strongest 

 when the plants are in bloom. It is better to transplant 

 in midsummer, or later, however, when the growth is 

 completed, although the plants are difficult to find after 

 the tops have died. The bloom is made largely from the 

 energy stored in the tuber the 

 previous season. After flower- 

 ing, the plant stores energy for 

 the succeeding year. B}- mid- 

 summer this work is accom- 

 plished and the tops die; then 

 the plants are at rest and they 

 are in proper condition to be 

 moved. However, good results 

 are sometimes obtained by mov- 

 ing thera in spring. These re- 

 marks will apply to most early 

 spring - blooming small herbs. 

 Give Trilliums a rich, deep, 

 rather moist soil in partial 

 shade. Plant deep. A colony 

 will last for years. Trilliums 

 force well. See I^^ arcing. Plants 

 may be propagated by seeds 

 sown as soon as ripe. Bloom- 

 ing plants may be expected in 

 two or three years. Trilliams 

 are among the choicest of all early spring plants, and 

 they should be more common in gardens. They can be 

 made to thrive well in borders about-city yards. They 

 may also be colonized in grass where the lawn mower 

 is not used. Best results are usiially attained, however, 

 when they are planted alone in masses. Trilliums are 

 amongst the relatively few plants that are very showy 

 and yet not coarse. 



2572. Vertical rhizome of 

 Trillium {X K)- 



f'^V 



2573. Flower of Trillium grandi- 

 florum (X );J. 



A. Ovarii .:-,iinjh:,l, i,,,l irliujrd. 



1. nivale, Kid. I. A .hvarf spcrics, :, in. nr Jfss lii^l), 

 larly: Ivs. iianvAv ami obtuse, l-li in. long: tls. wljite. 

 on a short on-cf oi- do- 



.'linoil |.eilircl, till' j.ot- 

 als about 1 in. Iouk:. 

 naiTow and nearly (u' 

 i|uito ol> tu s e . Ijow 

 woods, l>a. and Ky. to 

 .■\rinn. and K«ya. B.Jl. 

 i'AV.). 



2. undul^tiim, 



Willd. (T. enjIUr.H-ii,-- 

 j'tuH, IMicdix. 7'. j>lf- 

 liiiii, Piirsh). Of me- 

 dium to large size, 1 

 ft. or more high: Iv.s. 

 large, ovate and acute 

 or acuminate, short- 

 stalked: tis. ra ther ' 

 large, ^vhite, on a shttrl 

 hut slender erect or 

 ineiined pedicel, the 

 petals oldanceolate and 

 way>'. about 1 in. long 

 and usually purplish 

 at the base. Woods, 

 Xova Scotia to Missouri and Georgia. B.M. P.002. L. 

 B.r. l.S:1232. 



AA. Ovu )■!/ t)-a H'jh'd , ofl' u iriinjf'l. 



E. Flowers .^c^^iJc {and ■}H"stlif cvJored) . 



r. Leaves yc.s.si/r. 



:!. sessile, Linn. Strong-growing, 1 ft. or less high: 

 Ivs. Ijroadly ovate or rhomboidal, acute, more or less 

 spotted; Q. sessile in the whorl of Ivs., small, purple or 

 greenish, the petals narrow and acute. \Voi")ds, Pa. to 

 Minn., Ark., and Pla. B.M. 40. L.B.C. 9:S7.o. P.S. 

 22:2311. -Variable. 



Var. gigant^um, Torr. (var. Californivinn , Wats.}. 

 Much stouter, the Ivs. often 6 in. long and spotted, and 

 the petals sometimes 4 in. long: fls. purple, rose-color 

 or white, the petals rhombic-ovate or narrower. Calif, 

 and Ore. G.P. 3:321. 



Var. angtistip^talum, Torr. Similar to Var. gijiun- 

 teiim, but the Ivs. somewhat petiolate and the petals 

 narrower. Calif., Ore. Apparently not in the trade. 

 This and var. gic/anteiim appear to be the only Trilliums 

 native to California, except T. ovatinn. 



Var. rubrum, Hort. A form of Var. ijiga nteiini with 

 tls. ileep red-purple. 



Var. Wr£yi,"Wats. {T. discolor. Wrayl. Petals spatu- 

 late-obtuse, 1 in. long, greenish. ("Teorgia. B.M. 3U97. 



Ntlttallii, Wats. ( T. riricUseevs. Ntitt.). Lvs. pubes- 

 cent beneath, as also the upper part of the stem: petals 

 linear - lanceolate, imrplish green witli brown base. 

 Ark. 



4. lanceolMum, Boykin {T. recurvdliiiii, var. lanceo- 

 Idliiiii, Wats.). Plant often more than 1 ft. tall: lvs. 

 lanceolate, sessile: lis. dull or brown-purple, an inch or 

 more long, narrow - lanceolate or linear, the sepals as- 

 cending or somewhat reflexed, the filaments usually 

 exceeding ^i in. in length. Ga., Ala. — Little known in 

 cult. 



cc. Leaves stalked, 

 ft. recurvatum, Beck. Strong-growing, u.sually 1 ft. 

 or more high: lvs. ovate or ovate-oblong, tapering to 

 botli ends, on short but slender petioles: fls. brown- 

 purple or dull-purple, about 1 in. or more long, the 



