2612. 

 Ulmus racemosa. 



l\2.) 



2613. Ul- 



ULMUS 



incision not reaeliing tlie nutlet. Middle Europe to 

 western Asia. — Rarely cultivated and witb less valnnlile 

 wood. The trunk and tlie limbs are, as in tlie Ameri- 

 can Elm, often clothed with short brauchlets. 



,1, racemdsa, Thomas, not Borkh. Cokk Elm. Rook 

 Elm. Fig. 2tjl2. Tree, attaining 100 ft., with short 

 spreading branche.s, forming an oblong rouud-tojiped 

 head: brauchlets pubescent usually 

 until the second year and mostly ir- 

 regularly corky winged 

 when older: buds acute, 

 pubescent: Ivs, oval to ob- 

 lt>ng- obovate, unequal at 

 the base, shortly acumi- 

 nate, sharply and doubly 

 serrate, glabrous or some- 

 what rough above, pubes- 

 cent beneath, 2— t in. long: 

 tls. in slender pendulous 

 racemes ; calyx with 5-8 

 exserted stamens : fr. oval 

 or obovate, with a shallow ™us alata. 

 notch at the apex, pale, (X 2.) 

 piubescent, ^■^-■^4 in. long. 

 Quebec to Tennessee, west to Nebraska. S.S. 7:312. 



4. alata, Michx. W.vhoo or Winded Elm. Fig. 2013. 

 Tree, attaining 50 ft., with spreading branches forming 

 an oblong, round-topped or rather open head: branches 

 usually with 2 opposite very broad wings; brauchlets 

 almost glabrous; buds acute, glabrous: ivs. ovate-olj- 

 long to oblong-lanceolate, often falcate, acute or acumi- 

 nate, doubly serrate, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, 

 pubescent beneath, li;-2S in. long: lis. in short, few- 

 fld. racemes; stamens usually 5: fr. elliptic-ovate, with 

 narrow wing and with 2 incurved horns at the apex, 

 villous, ^n in. across. Va. to Fla., west to 111. and Tex. 

 S.S. 7:313. — Handsome round-headed tree, sometimes 

 used as an avenue tree in tlie sciuthern states; m>t 

 hardy north. 



5. fiilva, 3Iichx. { C rnhm. Michx.). Slippery Elm. 

 Red Elm. Figs. 2014, 261.5. Tree, attaining 70 ft., with 

 spreading branches, forming usually a broad, open, 

 flat-topped head: brauchlets pubescent: Ivs. obovate to 

 oblong, very unequal at base, long-acuminate, doubly 

 serrate, of tirm texture, very rough al:)Ove, pubescent 

 beneath, 4-7 in. long: fls. in dense clusters; stamens 

 5-9: fr. orbicular-oval, little notched at the apex, }4 in. 

 across. Quebec to Fla., west to Dakotas and Tex. S.S. 

 7:3U. Em. 2:334.— The reddish brown pubescence of 

 the bud-scales is very conspicuous in spring, when the 

 buds are unfolding. An allied species similar in foliage 

 and fr. is U. elliptica, Koch ( r. HnjcUri, Spath. U. 

 S'!'irira, Hort.), a native of western Siberia, Turkes- 

 tan and Persia, with longer and larger Ivs. and grayish 

 puOescent buds. 



ULMDS 



18S1 



Lvs 



2614. Fruit of Slippery Elm— Ulmus fulva ( < li). 



e. scibra, Mill. {U. moii/dm,. With. Cr. gJAhra , 

 Huds.). Wych Elm. Scotch Elm. Fig. 2010. Tree, 

 attaining 100 ft., with spreading branches forming an 

 oblong or broad round-topped head ; without suckiTs: 



brauchlets pubescent: buds pubescent, rather obtuse- 

 Ivs. very short-petioled and unequal at base, broadly 

 obovate to oblong-oboTute, abrnptiv acuminate or some'- 

 tiraes 3-lobed at the apex, sharply and douldy serrate, 

 rough above, pubescent beneath, 3-0 in. lung:' /is clus- 

 tered; stamens 5-0, little exserted: fr. oval or roundish 

 obovate, little notched at the apex, with the seed in ihe 

 middle, ".,-1 in. long. Europe U, -lajian.-A variable 

 species of which many forms are cultivateil; tliF f.illcu-- 

 ing are some of the most important: Var. atropurpurea 

 Spiith. With dark purple foliage. Var. B61gica, Hort,' 

 Of vigorous growth, forming a broad )>yraniidal load ■ 

 lvs. dark green. Var. crispa, Loud. ( 1^/ a.s;;/,-/,/A)/,,(', 

 Hort.). A rather slow-growing form with narrow ob- 

 long curved lvs. iucisely serrate with twisted teeth, 

 giving the margin a fringed appearance. Var. Dam- 

 pieri, Koch. Similar to var. faxiiyiahi, bm witli sb-n- 

 der branches, smaller and ligliter'foliage. Var. Dam- 

 pieri Wredei, Hort. Diff(-rs from the foregoing by its 

 yellow young leaves. M.D.(t. 1S9S:100. Var. DoVa;!, 

 Hort. Of \'igorous growth and upright pyramidal haliit. 

 Var. fastig-iata, Loml. ( r. pn nuin.lajis, Hort. (/. iVo- 

 iilhiaix. Flort.). Of cohuunar habit with strictly up- 

 right branches and somi-what twisted, broad dark green 

 leaves. Var. horizontalis, Kirchn. With horizontally 

 spreading limbs and more or less drooping branches 

 t-in. 17, p. 539. M.I). (4. 1001:103. Var. laciniata, Trautv. 

 broadly obovate, 3- or sometimes S-lol.t-d at the 

 wide apex, large, light 

 green: branches little 

 pubescent, light -col- 

 .ired. E. Asia. Var. 

 nana, Hort. Dwarf 

 tiirni. Var. pendula, 

 l.oud. ( /_'. C (i III p er- 

 ih.iciii, Hort.). Cam- 

 I'ERDOWN Elm. Fig. 

 2019. With long pendu- 

 lous branches, the 

 limbs often spreading 

 hrtrizontally. Gn. 40, 

 p. 158. Var. Pitteursi, 

 H"rt. Pyramidal tree 

 of vigi;u-ous growth 

 with deeply serrate lvs. often purplish when uufolding. 

 Var. purpurea, Koch. Lvs. purple when young, chang- 

 ing to dark green. Var. sup6rba, Hort. Of vigorous 

 gr<>wth, with large and long, tlark gr<M-n leaves. Var. 

 tricdspis, Koch. ( U. ti-ixi-Tri)fti or ti-Uleux, Hort.). Lvs. 

 obovate, 3-lobed at the apex. 



7. camp^stris, Smith {r. siilieroxa, Willd., P. siircii- 

 ?0,<f(, Stokes). ExoLisH Elm. Tree, attaining 100 ft., 

 with spreading branches forming an oblong round- 

 topped or sometimes open head, usually producing 

 suckers; branches little yaibescent whnn young or gla- 

 brtjus, sometimes becoming corky: bu<ls acute, pubes- 

 cent or glabrous; lvs. distinctly p)etioled, broadly ovate 

 to ovate-oblong, unequal at the 

 base, acuminate, doubly serrate, 

 usually glabrous and smooth 

 above at length, pidiescent or 

 glabrous beneath, l^.i-5 in. long: 

 tls. short-pediceled; stamens 4-6; 

 fr. obovate, with the luitlet much 

 above the middle, reaching almost 

 tlie incision at the apex. I\Iiddle 

 Europe and northern Africa to 

 .Japan. Em. 2:330. M. D. 0. 

 1900:577. — This tree is often 

 planted as an avenue tree; it 

 succeeds very widl and tine old 

 trees may be occasionally seen 

 in the northeastern states. The 

 foliage renu\ins green several 

 weeks longer than that of the 

 American Elm. r. caiiipi'.'ifris is 

 still more variable than the fore- 

 gt:'ing species and four vars., very ( 

 treme forms and sometimes considered distinct 

 can be distinguished. 



Var. vulgaris, Planch. {C siibun'isa, Ehrh. f'. wi- 

 iior, Mill. I. Small tree 'ir shrub, wdth often corky 

 branches: h's. broadly oval or rhombic obovate, rough 



2615. 

 Ulmus fulva 



( N 2.) 



2616. 

 Ulmus scabra. 



(.v2J 





2617. One of many nat- 

 ural forms of the 

 American Elm — the 



vase-form type, 



.li.^tini't in their ex- 

 sjK^oies, 



