1894 



VACCINIUM 



VALERIANA 



lets which later turn brownish: Ivs. ovate or oblong to 

 elliptical - laneeoh^tr, usually entire: fl.s. iu short ra- 

 cemes on naked t\vij,^s; corolla ovate to urn-shaped, or 

 oblong-C3'lindrical, white or pinkish : berries blue-l.)lacl\. 

 with much bloom, of excellent flavor. Bloist woods or 

 swamps, N. Amer. Eni. 2:454. American Agricalturisf 

 1886:304. B.B. 2:577. -Exceedingly variable, and nu- 

 merous gradations unite the several varieties. T'. m- 

 ri/i/ihosiiin is one of the niost valual)]e species both for 

 fr\iit and as an ornamental shrub. It thrives in the gar- 

 den and is readily susceptible of improvement I'V culti- 

 vation. 



Var. amoenum, Gray ( r. a)ii7rintii>. Ait.). A form 

 witli Itristly ciliate, serrulate leaves, l)right green on 

 both sides, shining above, often i)ulM-sccut on veins lic- 

 ueiith. Mainlv in" tlip IMiddlo Atknitic states. B.R. 

 5:40U. B.5X. 'sl'SS (as T. coryiiibo.siitn } . 



Var. pdllidum, Gn^y { V. paJJi'lnw , Alt. V. <flhin<>- 

 ruiii. Hook. r. ConsiKhhi i, (.-ir:iy). A iialcand glaucotis 

 or glaucesceut form, witli lu- without some pubrs<Titco : 

 ovary more comiilctrly inferior. i;-cn< 'rally h'w, rithrr- 

 wise resembling v;ir. nmn'innn . ('ouimon in mountain- 

 ous regions southward. B.M. :J42.s. B.B. 2:579. 



Var. fusc^tum, (iray ( 1". fiif<c<ll}im. Ait.). A tall form 

 with the nuiture and mtirc Ivs. fuscons-puljescent be- 

 neath : fls, virg;ite, somewhat sjiicate (.m. the naked 

 Howcring twigs. Ala. and Fla. to La. and Ark. 



19. atrocbccum, Heller ( T^ corymh'^sum, var. atrornr- 

 cuiii. (-l-rav). Blai.'k Bu'Ebericv. A l)ranehing shrub 

 with shreddy l.iark. similar to I', nn-iiitihosiim: Ivs. o\';il 

 or o)doi)g, dark i,^reeu aljove, deusi'Iy puliesi-ent lie- 

 neath, entire. ac\ite. id'ten mncromde: tis. in shoi-t ra- 

 cemes, appeariu;^: with the Ivs.: berry lilac.k, without 

 Idoom, sweet. I\bnst woc.m.Is and swanips, northeastern 

 N. Amer. B.B. 2:578. 



20. crassif61ium, Andr. Slender, trailing shrub: 

 sti-ms 2-3 ft. h'n;^:, glabrrms: Ivs. small, -^-4-3-2 in. lon;^'. 

 t'val or narr'"'wly olilong, sparsely serrulate or entire, 

 shiniu!?: fls. few, almost sessile, in small, axillary clus- 

 ters, nearlv white or tinged with red: berries bhiek. 

 Sandy bogs, N. C. to Ga. B.M. 1152. -Useful for the 

 shriiltbery Vjorder south. 



2631. High-bush Blueberry — Vaccmium corymbosum. 



(^liray ,< ^o ), 



21. ulig-in6sum, Linn. Boe; Bh.beijry. A stiff, mucli- 

 lirau.died shrul) ',,-2 ft. bigli; Ivs. Ibiek, obovate or 

 ov;d, ohtuse or retuse, ^j-1 in. hmg, nearly sessile: lis. 

 2— t to.u-ether, or sonndimes solitary ; ealyx 4-partiMl, 

 sometimes 5-parted; ertrnlhi urn-sh;iped. 4- or 5di.be<l. 

 pink; stamens X-A[): berries blnisli bl;iek. with bloom. 

 N. Amer., Eu., Asi:i. B.B. 2:57b. -The pl.-mt is us..d'ul 

 for the shrubbery border in cold, wet lo(';itions, and its 

 fruit, though of poor i|uality, is used for food by the 

 natives of the northwest. 



22. erythrinum, Hook. An erect, ^-lalirous, evergreen 

 shrub with lirigbt ml twigs: Ivs. o\-;ife, obtuse, i'oria- 

 ceous, entire: lis. in long, 1-sided, teniiinal raeenH's- 



corolla cylindraceons, 5-tootlied, Y^ in. long, purple, 

 reddish. Mountainous regions, Java. B.M. 4(188. ,1.H.' 

 in. 34:39. — Sent to England in 1852 and since grown bv 

 various nurserymen as a greenhouse pot-plant. It is a. 

 strong plant, furnishing an abundance of bloom in Dec. 

 and Jan. Not remarkable, but worthy a place in coHer- 

 tious. A very distinct type. 



23. ovatum, Pursh. An erect, rigid, evergreen slirul>, 

 3-8 ft. high, with pubescent branchlets: Ivs. very uumei'- 

 ous, thick, shining, ovate or oblong, acute, serrate: fls. 

 numerous, in short, axillary clusters, followed by daik 

 purple fruit of agreeable flavor. Vancouver's Island \n 

 Monterey, Calif. B.R. li;:];;54.— A distinctly westei-n 

 s]:)ecies, and one of California's most beautiful hed^e 

 idants, but not well known. K. ovatum is very ten;i- 

 <d(ms of life and bears pruning well; propagated from 

 suckers, cuttings and seeds, which last it bears freely. 



24. arbdreum, Marshall. Fakkleberrv. Sparkle- 

 i;i-:i;kv. Si>reading shrub or small tree, 6-25 ft. high, 

 with glabrous or somewhat pubescent branchlets: Ivs. 

 tbijinish, coriar-eous, smooth and shining above, obovate 

 to (iblong, cTdire or obscurely denticulate; fl.s. profuse, 

 axillary and leafy racemose; corolla white, 5-lobed : 

 berry small, gloiiose, rather astringent. Sandy soil 

 along river banks, Pla. and Tex. to N. C. and III 

 L.B.C. 19:1885. B.M. 1607 (as I'. (]iffu.<!uni). B.B. 

 2:580.— It forms an irregular sjirub too ditl'use ami 

 straggling to be of value except in niiisses, tor which 

 purpose it is useful at the South. 



25. stamineum, Linn. Deerbkkry. Si^uaw Ht-cKi.E- 

 BERKY. A divergently branched shrub, 2-5 fr high, 

 with pubescent or glabrous twi^s; Ivs. oval to olilong- 

 lanceolate, acute, entire, pale, ^4anr(nis or soujetimrs 

 slightly pubescent beneath, 1-^1 in. long, '^'i-lYi wide: lis. 

 very numerous, in large leafy-l)racted I'acemes; corolla 

 tj:reen, 5-cleft; anthers and style exserted: fr. large, 

 gbtbose or pyriform. greenish or yellowish, few-seeded, 

 almost inedible. Drv woods and thickets, N, Amer. 

 B.B. 2:.580. 



Var. melanocirpum, Mohr. Southern Gooseberry. 

 Shrub, 2-3 ft. high, branched from near the base: Ivs. 

 as in the type: fls. in loosely 4-8-fld. elongated racemes: 

 berries twice the size of the typical form, shining black, 

 with a juicy purple pulp, sweetish, with slightly tart, 

 flavor. S. States. — Probably a distinct species. Will 

 thrive on any good, well-drained soil and is a valuable 

 shade-enduring ornamental shrub. -^^ -^i jftTs'sox 



VAGAKIA (meaning obscure). AniaryJJid(}cew. A 

 single species, a bulbous autumn-flowering plant from 

 Syria with strap-shaped leaves produced after the flow- 

 ers, which are quite freely produced in 6-8-fld. umliels 

 on naked scapes about 1 ft. high: perianth-tube shoi't, 

 funnel-shaped at the apex; segments equal, lanceohde, 

 stamens inserted on throat of tube; filaments quadnde: 

 ovary globose, 3-loculed, with 2-3 ovules in each locnlc. 



parvifl6ra, Herb. Bulb globose, about 1>^ in. through: 

 fls. white. Olfered by European bulb-growers. 



F. W. Barclay. 



VALERIAN. See Vahrhnia. Greek V. is Polewn- 

 niaiii. Eed V. is t\'nlra)it/nis. 



VALERIANA 



to medici 



ilANA (Latin vaJeo, to be strr)Dg, in allusitm 

 nalnses). \'alerian. Valerii.nnicea:. A large 

 robablv more than 150 species) of widesi.»read 



genus (probably more than 150 species) of widespread 

 herbs, mostly of the northern hemisphere. Less than 

 a dozen s])ecies are North American. The Valerians 

 are erect-growing, mostly tail perennials, with strong- 

 smelling roots, and bearing many small white, pink or 

 rose-(.-i.'lored llo\vers iu termiiud cymose or cymose-pani- 

 riilate clusters. Coi'oUa tubular or trnmpet-sliaped, the 

 limb nearly e(pnilly 5-toothed or h)bcd, the tube usmdly 

 swollen at the base; stamens 3: ovary 1-loculcd (by 

 alnn-tion), be;irin<:r on entire or somewhat 2-3-lobed 

 style, rijieninL;' into an akene : calyx of bristle-form 

 lobes: h"s. opposiu.', \-arious. 



The Valerians in the American trade are hardy pcr- 



d' easiest culture. Only ]'. officinalis is wi'll 



This is one of the cluirarteristic plants of old 



j; ]U-ized for the sjucy fragrance of ils 



'ers in sprinii-. It spreads rapidly from 



ennials 

 known, 

 ii'ai-deu; 

 luinierous flowei 



