VEKONiCA 



VER6NICA (after St. Venniioa). Scrophularltlcea'. 

 Speedwelt-. TIu' Sp(_M.-d\VfUy are mostly lierbs, with a 

 few exotiL' slirul)s, best kuowu by tlieii- usually long ra- 

 cemes ol: suKiU blue Howers. AI)OUt ^00 sj-ceies. niustly 

 in the northeru heniisphere, a t'uw sjieeies in the tropin's 

 ami southern hemisphere. In New Zealand they are a 

 dominant feature of the eouutry. I'lants in eultivatiuu 

 are mostly hanly at the North, usually l<>w-ij:ro\viu^r and 

 ooeasioually iirostrate. Lvs. oi>iiusiti.-, rarely vertii-iJIate 

 or alternate: tls. in axillary or terminal racemes and 

 braeted; eal\"x i-fi-parti^'d ; corolla usually blue, rarely 

 pink or white, wheel-shaped or salver-shaped, the 

 lateral lobes ur the lowermost one commonly narrower 

 than the others; staiuens 2. exserted, one on each side 

 of the upper lobe of the corolla: style entire, subcapi- 

 tate: capsule flattened, obtuse or notched at a[>ex, 2- 

 furrowed: seeds few or many. 



AH are showy, free-flowerinii: plants, used, except the 

 shrubs, as g:arden perennials or annuals, and are iiroi>a- 

 gated by seeds, the perennials also by division, the 

 shrulis hy euttiny;s in spring or summer. They succeed 

 in any good garden soil iu a sunny situation. The 

 lower-growling forms are good rock-plants ; the taller are 

 adapted to the herbaceous border. The shrubby forms 

 are greenhouse plants or grown only in warmer parts of 

 the country, particularly California, where they are 

 everblooming. and where they do well along the coast 

 even in exposed places by the sea. The shrubby species 

 are mostly natives of New Zealand. They are well re- 

 viewed in The Garden -io, p. oOO, and 28, p. 292. 8orae 

 of them have enjoyed a considerable popularity in Eng- 

 land, where they are generally seen in ctiol conserva- 

 tories, but they survive the winters outdoors in the 

 most favored parts of the British Isles. The first h}-- 

 brid was raised in 1S4S by Isaac Anderson-Henry (then 

 Isaac Anderson), a noted hybridizer. This gentleman 

 continued his experiments fur several years, using J'. 

 speciosa, salicifuUa and eUiptica. His work was con- 

 tinued by others, and most of the hybrid Veronicas of 

 to-day have the fiarentage above indicated, with the 

 blood of r. speciosa generally nnich in evidence. If a 

 collective name for Veronica hybrids is desired, t'. .s-/??- 

 ciosd var. hyhrida is the best name for the whole group. 

 Unfortunately all these hybrids are uniit for general 

 cultivation out-of-doors innorthern climes, but ahardier 

 race will probably be secured by using T. T'mversn and 

 its allies, which have been introduced more recently. 

 Some of these are V. C'olensoi, I?akaiensifi, anoniala, 

 ■monticola and pimeloid vs .-- -aW unknown to the Ameri- 

 can trade. A third and still hardier group of the New 

 Zealand Speedwells is the truly alpine groiip known as 

 Whipcord Veronicas. These should be quite hardy in 

 northeru rockeries. They are unknown in America now. 

 The best of the group is said to be V. ciipres-'<oides, 

 var. variabilis, known to English trade as T. salt- 

 comoicles. Others in cultivation are V. Hectori, Arm- 

 strougi and lijcopodioides. 



Veronica was monographed by Bentham in Latin in 

 DC. Prod. 10:-458-49f (1646), 158 species being then 

 known. An excellent account of cultivated Veronicas is 

 found in Vilmorin's Blumengartnerei. 



alha, 12, 18. gentianoides, 12. Purple Queen, 4. 



aipinri,, 11. Mendersoni, 4. repens. Vo. 



alpestris. 9. Hulkeana, 1. rose;)., 17, 18. 



amethystina, 16. imperialis, 4. salicifoba, 5. 



Andersonii, 4. incaiia, 14. serpylbfoliu, 9. 



Aijstriaea, 25, .]a,pnnica. 10. speci"s;i, 4, 



Buxbaumii, 7. longit'oUa, 17. spir-;it;i, 18. 



Candida. 14. macrocarpa, 0. spnria. HI. 



Chamffirtrys, 23. montaua, 20. sub^fssilis, 17. 



cirr-.^poides. 19. officinaiis, 21. Syriai'a, 8. 



cremilata, 17. paniculata. 10. Teucrium. 24. 



dpcussata, 3. pectinata, 22. Traversii, 2. 



elpgans, 10. pimiat.-i., l.->. villosa, 17. 



elliptica, 3. prostrata, 24. Virginica. 10. 

 foliis variegatis, 12. 



A. Plants slirahhij, nil from jY<'»' 



Zi^ahtvd <nul <i!l x-ill^ oppo^iie 



leaves; fendrr />/ fhr ^'<>rfh. 



E. 3{ar'jiii of Irs. coarselij s>'rratp 



BB. Mari/iit of Irs. entiri-. 



C. Pairs of Irs. cnnrded. 



D. Baceme.'i sahieniii mil 



Vl^mONICA 



1919 



'A. elliptica 

 4. speciosa 



saliciiolia 

 macrocarpa. 



1. Hulkeana 



Traveraii 



III'. Ii\tei'iH''s tisi I III n/ 



( r. I'llirx ,if h-a. nl I h c r ,1 ishi iil . . 



II. /lelilh/ ,;-<; 11.: Irs. 1-1]., I 



Iflilr. 



I.D. Uch/hl lll~l', ft.i,r iiii.n': Ir 



4-S liins il-i,l,'. 



E. Capsiih' xriirrilii tii'ifc I 



l"ii!l <-.sr„ /,,.,■ ; 



EE. Ciiimiih ithinit tliri-e tiiii 



as Inn,! 'IS i-(ilij.i- 



AA. Phinis lianlti lirrl/s. 

 P.. l>iii;illuii n'liinnil. 



r. Hei.ihl <i hot „r Irss: fl i . hliir. 



II. h'nc: ii,,'s iirilliiiji 7. Buxbaumii 



oil. It'ariiiirs li riiiiiiiil <s. Syriaca 



fl-. irrliihl :.'-4 fl.: lis. irliilisli.... <.). serpyllifolia 

 BB. BinilliiiH prrFinniil. 



I-. Lrs. ill irhiirls uf 4-7: cin-nlla 

 siilrir-slin/iril, tllhi- loilijer 



lliiin linih 10. Virginica 



'■('. Lrs. ifsilillli/ iijipiisilr, iirvll- 

 sioiia I lif II I Ifruiile . 

 D. Earriuis I r nil i mil . 



E. Hiihit ,:ri rpiiiij : pluiils 

 o-l.^ in. h iijli . 



F. Cui'siile ohlniiij 11. alpina 



FF. C'lifisulr rniuiilish or 

 hroiiili-r than loinj. 

 G. Apej- of c II p s 11 J e 



sliijlittij ■iiiitrhrit 12. gentianoides 



GO. Api:.r of capsuir dir/itij 



■}iotchrd 1;:. repens 



EE. Rahif vpright : plants 

 stronger growing and 

 ta Iter. 

 V. Foliage and stini irliitr- 



ironliy 14. incana 



FK. Foliagr nrarlif glabrous: 

 Irs. larijr, driilatr. 



G. J. Hirer lrs. piiiiiatisi'ct. lo. pinnata 

 GG. JjOirer Irs. nirreli/ ser- 

 rate or eremite. 

 H. Baci'ines paiiieled . .IG. spuria 

 HH. Haeenies solitarif or 

 few. 

 I. Lrs. laneeidate ...17. longi£olia 

 II. Lrs. orate-obloiig.. 18. spicata 

 DD. Hace)nes axillary. 



E. Haliit loir and creeping. 



F. Lrs. niirioir 19. circaeoides 



FF. Lrs. broader. 



G. The raeenies feir-fld. . .20. montana 

 GG. The raeernes many -fid . 

 H. FIs. pale bine, 



rarely pink 21. officinalis 



HH. FIs. deep bine, white 



center 22. pectinata 



EE. Habit taller, more upright. 



F. Calyx 4-parted 23. Chamaedrys 



FF. Calyx 5-parfed. 



G. Lvs. more or less den- 

 tate 24. Teucrium 



GG. Lrs. deeply jil nnatilid.'lo. Austriaca 



1. Hulkeana, P. IMnellei'. Showy liluc-tld. species, 

 readily distiDguished l.iy its serrate lvs. and terminal 

 racemes. Slender, erect, sparingly leafy, straggling 

 shrub. 1-.3 ft. high, AYith branching steins: lvs. 1-13^-2 

 in. long, in sparse pairs, ovate or oblong, obtuse or 

 acute, coarsely .serrate, .smooth, leathery : raceme slen- 

 der, terminal, branching, spreading, 4-10 in. long: lis. 

 sessile, lilac : caiisule small, longer than broad, twice 

 exceeding the sepals. Summer. Mts. and rocky places, 

 New Zealand. B.M. 5484. 



2. Traversii, Hook. f. White-flowered shrub about 2-3 

 ft., of special interest as being hardy in Ireland and 

 parts of England. A smooth, much-branched shrub: 

 lvs. linear or linear-obbing, entire, smooth, opposite, 

 sessile, thick, %-l in. long, numerous: racemes axil- 

 lary, large: tls. many, small, white or mauve; capsule 

 acute, 3-4 times exceeding tlie calvx. All summer. 

 New Zealand. B.M. 6390. On. 32, p. 217. 



