82 MAIiVACE^. 



ovata, uHidfoUa, and trinenis, ej.) ; it is however distinguished from the latter genus by 

 the involucel, the dorsal dehiscence of the carpids, and the habit of Pavoma. 



38. P. bracteosa, Benth. Shrubby, tomentose; leaves cordate-roundish, irregularly 

 crenate-toothed, whitish beneath ; flower-heads axillary/, pedmcled, encircled by roundish, 

 involncral leaves ; involucel 10-lZ-leaved : leaves nearly equalling the calyx, with a minute, 

 oblong-lanceolate, subpeltate limb ; petals . . ., twice exceeding the calyx ; carpids glairom, 

 obovate, incurved at the top, convex and keeled on the back, erostrale. — Malachi'a tnnervis, 

 i'r/.— Petals 6'" long; carpids 1''' long and broad.— Ha.b. Trinidad!, Cr., at Cocarite; 

 [Guiana, Ceara, Bahia]. 



Sect. 2. Typhalea. — Imolucel'h-Va-fid. Carpids deliscerd along the ventral ( or at length 

 also along the dorsal) line, and without a central torus, — ^Leaves scabrous with pellucid 

 dots ; flowers fascicled : fascicle involucred. 



39. P. typhalea, Cav. {Diss. Z. non 6). Suffrutescent ; leaves oblong, serrate ; fascicles 

 terminal and axillary: peduncles distant, inferior elongated, superior decrescent, leafless: 

 pedicels nearly the length of the involucel; involucel deeply 5-8-fid: lobes lanceolate, 

 acuminate, somewhat exceeding the calyx ; petals white ; carpids glabrous, convex on the 

 back, triaristate : awns terminal, distant from each other, retrorsely barbed, scarcely half 

 the length of the carpid. — Urena, L. (ex. sgnon. P. Br.) et Sto. — Petals 5"'-6"' long, twice 

 the length of the calyx ; carpids (without the awns) 3'" long. — The section Typhalea con- 

 tains a series of nearly allied and variable species, the synonymy of which is not to be made 

 out without the original specimens of the authors, who in their descri])tions have neglected 

 the specific characters observable in the fruit. The present species, confounded by Cava- 

 niUes with V. typhaleoides, Kth., is chiefly to be recognized by the small carpids, and by 

 the infraterminal, short-peduncled, few or 1-flowered fascicles ; the shape of the leaves, the 

 proportion of the involucel to the calyx, and the length of the carpid-awns are subject to 

 variation. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., Bancr., AL, common in moist woods; [Portorioo ! j Pa- 

 nama 1, Venezuela !] . 



40. P. typhaleoides, Kth. Sufirutescent or shrubby ; leaves elliptical or oblong, cre- 

 nate-sen'ate ; fascicles terminal, subsolitary : pedicels half the length of the involucel ; invo- 

 lucel deeply h-jid: lobes ovate and subulate, half as long again as the calyx; petals 



'^'■j^Bew " (Cav.) ; carpids glabrous, convex on the back, triaristate : awns terminal, approxi- 



^■'^%iate to each other, retrorsely bai-bed : the middle one longer, and at least as long as the 



carpid. — Cav. Diss. t. 197. — P. typhalea posterior, Cav. {Diss. 6. p. 350). P. sminamensis, 



Miq. — Petals about 8'" long, twice the length of the calyx ; carpids (without the avras) 4'" 



long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Panama I, New Granada!, Venezuela!, Brazil !]. 



41. P. castaneifolia, St. Sil., Naud. {Ann. Sc. Nat. II. 18. p. 44). Suftutescent (?) ; 

 leaves elliptical-laneeolate, acuminate at both ends, irregularly toothed-serrate ; fascicles ter- 

 minal, sohtary : pedicels half the length of the involucel ; involucel 9-14-^e? ; lobes lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, at least three times as long as the calyx ; petals . . . ; carpids oblong, glabrous, 

 flat and keeled on the back, triaristate : awns terminal, distant from each other, and some- 

 what divergent, retrorsely barbed, the middle one longer, and as long as the carpid. — Carpids 

 43'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, tV., near Tamanaco and Arena ; [Brazil], 



Sect. 3. Eupavonia. — Involucel 5~15-leaved. Carpids indihiscent. — Flowers 

 solitary, racemose, or corymbose. 



42. P. spinifex, Cav. Sh'rubby; leaves suboordate, serrate, with a scattered stellate 

 down; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered; involucel-leaves distinct, 6-8, oblong-linear, equal- 

 ling the calyx ; petals ydlow, 2-3 times exceeding the calyx, and exceeded by the column ; 

 carpids glabrous, trispinose : spines stiff, of equal length, divergent, retrorsely barbed : one 

 infraterminal, two inserted to the middle of the margin. — Jacq. Jmer. Fid. t. 185 ; Cav. 

 Diss. t. 45./. 3, 3. — Hibiscus, L. Pav. aiistata, Cav. — A shrub, 5'-lB' high, variable in 

 the shape and down of leaves; petals 12'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., Pd., Jl., 

 March, sparingly in the limestone distiiots j S. Kitts !, Antigua !, Nichols. ; S. Lucia !, 

 Anders,; [Cuba!; Panama! to Peru! and Braail!]. 



43. P. microphylla, Casar. Shrabby ; leaves small (4"'-6"' long), roundish or oval- 



