354 SYNANTHERE^. 



9. V. rigida, Su).! Shrubby; leaves ligid, shining above, oval or lanceolate-oblong, 

 bluntish, concolor, hispidulous-scabruus or glabrescent ; cymes scorpioid, leafy, flexuose : 

 heads much distant, subsessile or shortly jjedicellate, single or geminate, usually much ex- 

 ceeded by the floral leaves ; interior involueral scales oblong-lanceolate, blunt or bluntish, 

 exterior ovate ; achenium hairy or glabrate : pappus straw-coloured. — V. fruticosa, Sw. : 

 ex ic. Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 95./. 1. V. Sagrseana, DO.: the longer-leaved form. V. 

 emarginata, Wiclestr. sec. Less. Heads 4'" long : scales of the involucre at length spread- 

 ing. — Hab. Jamaica I, <S«., WJ7«., in the northern limestone hills ; [Cuba!]. 



10. V. tricholepis, DC. {ex descr.). Suifnitescent ; leaves elliptical-oblong or lan- 

 ceolate, pointed, scabrous above, villous beneath, subsessile ; cymes virgate, flexuose, leafy, 

 or passing into branches with axillary heads : heads much exceeded by the leaves, sessile ; 

 interior involueral scales lanceolate, acuminate, equalling the pappus, exterior setaceous ; 

 achenium shortly linear-turbinate, haiiy : pappus white. — Our plant approaches V. gracilis, 

 Kth., which has more distant heads, longer leaves, an exaerted pappus, aud a somewhat dijfer- 

 ent involucre. Heads 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica I, Pd. ; Trinidad !, Or. ; [Guiana, Eahia]. 



4. CENTRATHERUM, Cass. 



Head discoid. Involucre imbricate, exceeded by approximate floral leaves. Heceptaele 

 naked. Corolla 5-fld. Achenium obovate-oblong, costate: pappus caducous, of 1-serial, 

 unequal, rigid bristles. — Sufirutescent herbs ; leaves serrate, glandular ; heads single, long- 

 peduncled : flowers purplish-blue. 



11. C. muticum, Zess. Perennial; leaves spathulate-oblong, unequally serrate, hairy 

 with scattered flexuose down ; interior involueral scales oblong, mucronulatc-blunt, ciliate, 

 exterior descrescent, ovate. — Kth. N. Gen. 4. t. 315. — ^Ampherephis, Kth. — Stem 2'-3' high : 

 peduncles terminal, 4"-6" long ; heads 8'" diam. — Hab. Trinidad I, Or., S. Anns, among 

 grasses; [Venezuela, Guiana]. 



5. MONANTHEMUM, Gr. {n. gen). 



Bead 1-flowered. Involucre ovate-oblong, imbricate : superior scales longer. Corolla 

 5-fid. Anthers 2-tailed at their base. Style of Vernonia. Achenium clavate, glabrous : 

 pappus l-serial, pilose, of many setiiceous, slightly scabrous bristles. — A shrub or tree ; leaves 

 alternate, entire, glabrous above, lioary-silvery beneath with appressed down ; heads ebrac- 

 teate, in many-lobed, contracted, axillary and terminal panicles : flowers purple. 



12. in. Cruegerii, Gr. Branches cylindrical, hoary-pubemlous ; leaves petioled, ob- 

 long, bluntish, 5"-3" long, 2"-8"' broad, eglandular, rigid, reticulated with prominulous 

 veins on both jides, lepidote-tomentose beneath and on the petioles ; panicles peduncled, 

 6"-2" long, racemiform ; heads subsessile or shortly pedicellate, 2"'-3"' long : pedicels tomen- 

 tose ; involucre terete, tapering above : scales villous on the back below the point, inferior 

 ovate, blunt, 1'" long, rather abruptly passing into the ovate-oblong, bluntly acuminate su- 

 perior ones ; receptacle minnte, naked ; pappus white or slightly tinged, equalling the slen- 

 der, glabrescent corolla, 2"'-3"' long ; anther-tails sharply acuminate, somew hat shorter than 

 the glabrous filaments ; style slender, hispidulous above, equal : hispidnlous branches linear- 

 acuminate, snbterete ; achenium slightly costate, tapering towards the base, somewhat shorter 

 than the pappus. Hab. Trinidad I, Or. ; at Carais, Chacochacacco. 



6. ELEPHANTOPUS, L. 



Heads few-flowered, discoid, aggregated into glomerules. fecial involucre distichous, 

 compressed ; scales alternately conduplicate. Receptacle naked. CoroUce unequally 5-fid. 

 Achenium clavate, costate : pappus 1-2-serial, of scaly bristles, dilated at the base. — Peren- 

 nial herbs; glomerules many-headed, supported by a general involucre, in panicles or spites: 

 flowers violet-purple {or white). 



Sect, 1. EujjLEi'HANTOPUS, Endl.—Pappus l-serial, of B (-8) imWej.— Glomerules 

 peduncled, distaut, in loose corymbs. 



13. E. scaber, £., T. Gr. Stem nearly naked below the inflorescence ; rosulate leai:es 



