334 THE NUT CULTURIST. 



such positions are far less likely to be injured by insects 

 than when planted in orchards or large groups, besides 

 serving a double purpose, being ornamental as well as 

 useful. They may also be planted around buildings, 

 and where other and less valuable trees are generally 

 grown. There are also millions of acres of rocky hill- 

 sides and old fields which might be utilized for nut 

 orchards, and if rather widely scattered over such land 

 they would prove beneficial in shaaing the pasture 

 grasses. First of all, however, let us have rows of these 

 trees along all our country roads, after whieh it will be 

 time enough to begin planting them elsewere, 



SPECIES AND VAEIBTIES OP WALNUTS. 



Native of the United States {Juglans cinerea. 

 Linn.). Butternut. White Walnut. — Leaflets fifteen 

 to nineteen, oblong-lanceolate and sharp-pointed, rounded 

 at the base, downy, especially on the underside, 

 petioles covered with viscid hairs ; fruit oblong, two 

 or more inches in length, with a clammy husk, not 

 opening when ripe, but closely adhering to the deejDly 

 corrugated and rough, thick shell. Trees with wide- 

 spreading branches, and of medium hight, or from forty 

 to fifty feet, but in deep forests sometimes sixty to 

 seventy, with stems two to three feet in diameter. A 

 common tree in moist soils almost everywhere, from the 

 Oanadas southward to the highlands of northern Georgia, 

 Alabama, and sparingly in Mississippi and Arkansas, 

 and all the States bordering the Mississippi river north- 

 ward to Minnesota. A valuable timber tree, with soft, 

 light wood, much used of late for furniture and inside 

 house finishing. In early times the inner bark was 

 employed for making a yellow dye, also as a medicine, 

 the extract being a mild cathartic, hence one of the 

 specific names, Cathartica. 



