PHLEBOTOMY 



81 



then anaesthetized subcutaneously to prevent annoying jerks 

 of the head. The vein is "raised" by pressure below the 

 field and an incision one inch long is made along its course 

 through the skin and subjacent muscle until the rounded 

 bluish vein appears in its depth. The incision into the vein 

 is then made by a quick stab with the point of the scalpel. 

 In closing this long incision two pins or two interrupted 

 sutures are required. 



In blood-letting for experimental purposes or in the man- 

 ufacture of antitoxins, a special apparatus is required to pre- 



Fife. 38 — Laboratory Method of Abstracting Blood from the Jugular Vein. 



vent the abstracted blood from becoming contaminated with 

 •bacteria from without. The apparatus, appropriate enough 

 for most any occasion, consists of a sterilized salt-mouth 

 flask, a small rubber tube and two canulas. The mouth of 

 the flask is covered with a sheet of rubber stretched over it 

 and secured around the neck. A canula is fastened at each 

 end of the tube. In abstracting the blood one canula is 

 plunged into the jugular after every thing is well disinfected, 

 and the other one is plunged into the rubber covered flask. 

 In this manner the blood is not exposed to outside influences. 

 (Fig. 38.) 



