CRYPTORCHIDECTOMY 263 



is made with the purpose of distinguishing five separate 

 operative requirements. 



SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE INGUINAL RE- 

 GION.— The inguinal region includes the space on each 

 side of. a raphe extending from the perineum to the umbili- 

 cus. Superficially it presents the sheath and scrotum; the 

 prepubian tendon extends forward from the brim of the 

 pubes forming the internal boundary of the external ingui- 

 nal ring; an aponeurotic portion of the tendon extending 

 from the femoral fascia forms the antero-external boundary 

 of the external inguinal rings, and Poupart's ligament forms 

 the posterior boundary. The external ring is a large open- 

 ing, and can be located by external manipulation. The in- 



Fig. 132 — Correct Position for Cryptorchid Castration. 



guinal canal is funnel shaped, and extends from the external 

 ring, upward and outward to the internal inguinal ring, 

 which is but a small slit in the abdominal wall. The length 

 of the canal is from six to nine inches, according to the size 

 of the horse. 



The large arteries of the region are the external pubic 

 and the subcutaneous abdominal, a branch of the former lo- 

 cated along the line of the sheath. 



DIAGNOSIS. — In the entire animal the condition' is 

 readily recognized by the absence of one or both testicles 

 from the scrotum. When there is no history to confirm the 

 diagnosis, suspicion is aroused by the amorous nature of the 

 animal and the willful and impelling disposition character- 



