BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 143 



R[hynchopsitta] pachyrhyncha Ridqway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 269. 

 Rhynchopsittacus pachyrhijnchus Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xx, 1891, 169 



(Jalapa, Vera Cruz; Durango City, Durango). — Salvia and Godman, Biol. 



Centr.-Am., Aves, ii, 1897, 570 (Cofre de Perote, Moyoapam, etc., Vera Cruz; 



Popocatapetl, Mexico; etc.). 

 [Rhynchopsittacus] pachyrhynchus Sharpe, Hand-list, ii, 1900, 14. 

 Conurus pachyrhynchus Schlegel, Mub. Pays-Bas, iii, no. 26 (Psittaci), 1864, 11; 



no. 38 (Revue), 1874, 3. — Reichenow, Journ fur Orn., 1881, 273 (monogr.); 



Consp. Psitt., 1882, 161; Vogelbild., 1883, Nachtr., 78. 

 [Psittacus] strenuus Lichtenstein, Preis-Verz. Mex. V6g., 1830, 1 (Mexico); 



Journ. fiir Orn., 1863, 54 (reprint). 

 [Conurus] strenuus Lichtenstein, Nom. Av. Mus. Berol., 1854, 73 (Mexico). 

 Psittacus pascha Wagler, Isis, 1831, 525 (new name for Macrocercus pachyrhynchus 



Swainson). 

 Macrocercus mexicanus Swainson, in Murray's Encyclop. of Geography, 1834, — ; 



Am. ed., iii, 1837, 315 (nomen nudum). 



Genus CONUROPSIS Salvadori. 



Conuropsis a Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xx, 1891, 203. (Type, Psittacus 

 carolinensis Linnasus.) 



Rather small, long-tailed Psittacidae (length about 285-325 mm.), 

 with the acutely wedge-shaped tail about four-fifths as long as wing 

 and graduated for about two-fifths its length; cere densely feathered, 

 completely concealing nostrils; seventh primary not attenuated at 

 tip; general color (including tail) green, the forehead orange or 

 orange-red (adults with forehead and sides of head reddish orange, 

 the rest of head and the neck uniform yellow). 



Bill moderately large, deeper than long; culmen regularly and 

 strongly decurved from base, rounded, decidedly longer than middle 

 toe without claw; maxillary unguis rather broad, its width at base 

 of the distinctly corrugated palatal surface decidedly less than its 

 length, however; maxillary tomium distinctly notched at base of 

 the unguis; depth of mandible at base decidedly less than length 

 of gonys, the latter very broad, somewhat flattened; base of man- 

 dible nearly or quite truncate beneath, the chisel-like tip also trun- 

 cate. Wing long and pointed, the longest primaries exceeding 

 distal secondaries by half the length of wing; eighth and ninth 

 primaries longest, the tenth (outermost) longer than seventh. Tail 

 about four-fifths as long as wing, graduated for about two-fifths its 

 length, the rectrices strongly tapering terminally, the middle ones 

 acuminate, the lateral ones obtusely pointed or narrowly rounded 

 at tip. Tarsus decidedly shorter than outer posterior toe without 

 claw, but longer than inner anterior toe with claw. 



Plumage and coloration.— Head, except orbital region and chin, 

 completely feathered, the feathering of forehead and cere very 

 dense, plush-l ike, completely concealing nostrils. General color, in- 



° From Conurus (kwvos, a cone; oipi., tail); + Bfis, aspect. (Richmond.) 



