BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMEEIOA. 209 



d. Under parts of body green; whole head more or less reddish. (Peru; Bolivia.) 



Pionus tumultuosus (extralimital.)o 

 dd. Under parts purplish brown (passing into green on flanks); forehead white, 

 the feathers margined with red. (Colombia; Ecuador.) 



Fionus seniloides (extralimital).* 

 aa. Primaries blue. 

 6. Forehead (broadly) white; under parts more or less green. (Southern Mexico to 



Costa Bica.) Pionus senilis (p. 214). 



bb. Forehead wholly blackish; under parts without any green, 

 c. Under parts dusky, washed with dark blue; wing-coverts light brownish, in 

 strong contrast with color of back; under surface of remiges bluish green. 



(Colombia and eastern Ecuador.) Pionus chalcopterus (extralimital).« 



ce. Under parts grayish brown, washed with reddish purple; wing-coverts dusky, 

 concolor with back; under surface of remiges violet-blue. (Guianas and 

 lower Amazon Valley.) Pionus fuscus (extralimital).d 



"* a P[sittacus] tumultuosus Tschudi, Wiegmann's Archiv fur Naturg., x, pt. i, 1844, 

 304 (Peru); Fauna Peruana, Aves, 1844-'46, 270. — [Chrysotis] tumultuosa Bonaparte, 

 Rev. et Mag. de Zool., vi, 1854, 151 (Consp. Psitt., p. 9). — Chrysotis tumultuosa Gray, 

 List Birds Brit. Mus., Psittacidse, 1859, 82 (Peru). — Pionias tumultuosus Finsch, Die 

 Papag., ii, 1868, 457; Reichenow, Journ. fur Orn., 1881, 363 (monogr.); Consp. Psitt., 

 1882,203; Vogelbild., 1882, pi. 26, fig. 2. — [Pionus] tumultuosus Sclater and Salvin, 

 Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 114. — Pionus tumultuosus Sclater, Rowley's Orn. Misc., iii, 

 1877, 6, 7, 8, pi. [81]; Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. s xx, 1891, 330. 



& Psittaeus selinoides [typ. error] Souance\ Rev. et Mag. de Zool. , vi, 1854, 73 (Colom- 

 bia). — Psittaeus seniloides Bonaparte, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., (2) vi, 1854, 147 (crit.); 

 Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., Psittacidse, 1859, 76 (Colombia). — Pionus seniloides Bona- 

 parte, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., (2) vi. 1854, 149 (monogr.); SouancS, Icon. Perr., 1857, 

 pi. 36; Sclater, Rowley's Orn. Misc., iii, 1877, 6, 7; Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 

 xx, 1891, 330. — Pionias gerontodes Finsch, Die Papag., ii, 1868, 454 (new name for 

 P. seniloides Souanc^ on grounds of purism!); Reichenow, Journ. fur Orn., 1881, 364 

 (monogr.); Consp. Psitt., 1882, 204; Vogelbild., 1882, pi. 26, fig. 7. — Amazona gerontodes, 

 Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, Revue, 1874, 29. 



^Psittaeus chalcopterus Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., pt. viii, no. xc, March, 1841, 

 59 (Bogota, Colombia; coll. Earl of Derby); Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., Psittaci, 1859, 

 76. — P[ionus] chalcopterus Hartlaub, Syst. Verz., 1844, 87 (Colombia). — Pionus chal- 

 copterus Bonaparte, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., vi, (2), 1854, 148 (monogr.); Sclater, Row- 

 ley's Orn. Misc., iii, 1877, 6, 7; Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xx, 1891, 333.— 

 Pionias chalcopterus Finsch, Die Papag., ii, 1868, 462; Reichenow, Journ. fur Orn., 

 1881, 364 (monogr.); Consp. Psitt., 1882, 204; Vogelbild., 1882, pi. 26, fig. 6.— Ama- 

 zona chalcoptera Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, Psittaci, 62; Revue, 1874, 29. 



d Psittaeus fuscus Miiller, Syst. Nat. Suppl., 1776, 78 (Cayenne; based on Perroquet 

 varte, de Cayenne Daubenton, PI. Enl., pi. 408). — Pionus fuscus Salvadori, Cat. Birds 

 Brit. Mus., xx, 1891, 334.— Psittaeus violaceus Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl., 1783, 25 

 (Cayenne; based on Perroquet varii, de Cayenne Daubenton, pi. Enl., pi. 408). — 

 Pionus violaceus Sclater, Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 355; in Rowley's Orn. Misc., iii, 

 1877, 6, 7. — Pionias violaceus Finsch, Die Papag., ii, 1868, 463; Reichenow, Journ. 

 fur Orn., 1881, 365 (monogr.); Consp. Psitt., 1882, 205; Vogelbild., 1882, pi. 26, 

 fig. 3. — Amazona violacea Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, Psittaci, 63; Revue, 1874, 29. — 

 [Psittaeus] purpureus (not of M tiller, 1776) Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. i, 1788, 346 

 (Surinam; based on Perroquet violet Barriere, Fr. Fjquin., 144; Papagei violet Buffon, 

 Hist. Nat. Ois., vi, 244; Perroquet varie, de Cayenne Daubenton, PI. Enl., pi. 408; etc.) — 

 P[ionus] purpureus Wagler, Mon. Psitt., 1832, 606. — Pionus purpureus Bonaparte, 

 Rev. et. Mag. de Zool., (2) vi, 1854, 148 (monogr.) — Psittaeus infuscatus Shaw, Nat- 

 uralists' Misc., xix, no. 3, Nov., 1807, pi. 789 and text (new name for P. purpureus 

 Gmelin). 



1957°— Bull. 50, pt 7—16 14 



