344 FUNGI 



Cohn — Empusa Muscse und die Krankheit der Stubenfliege (Nova Acta, xxv., p. I). 

 Cohn — Ueber eine neue Pilzkrankheit der Erdraupen (Tarichium megaspermum) 



(Beitrage zur Biologic der Pflanzen, Bd. i., Heft i, p. 58). 

 Eidam — Eine auf Excrementen von Froschen gefundene . Entoniophthoree (Bot. 



Centralblatt, xxiv. , 1885). 

 Fresenius — Ueber die Pilzgattung Entomophthora (Abhandl. d. Senkenberg. Ges., 



Bd. ii.). 

 Giard — Deux especes d'Entomophthora, &c. (Bull. Sc. du Depart, du Nord, 2 ser. , 



2 Ann., No. 11). 

 Frey und Lebert — Die Pilzkrankheit der Fliegen (Verhandl. d. Naturf.' Ges. zu 



Zurich, 1856). 

 Leitgeb— Completoria complens, ein in Farnprothallien schmarotzende Pilz (Sit- 



zungsber. d. Wien. Acad., Bd. 84, Abth. i). 

 Nowakowski^Die Copulation bei einigen Entomophthoreen (Bot. Zeit., 1877). 

 Nowakowski— Entomophthoreee (Abhandl. d. Acad. d. Wiss. zu Krakau, 1883). 



Polish, see Bot. Zeit., 1882. 

 Sorokin — Zwei neue Entomophthora Arten (Cohn's Beitrage zur Biol. d. Pflanzen, 



Bd. ii., Heft 3, p. 387). 



Order 3. — Chytridiace^. 



The Chytridiacese are a group of minute, more or less aquatic, parasitic 

 fungi, embracing forms which may, in the present state of our knowledge 

 of them, be thus classed together ; but whether it will eventually appear 

 that these are naturally related to each other, or are merely organisms 

 of diiferent affinities presenting a similar appearance owing to similar 

 environment and ways of life, is but a subject for speculation. How- 

 ever, there are points in which all agree, and their life -history may be 

 briefly summarised thus : — Zoospores— mostly uniciliated (the rest with 

 two cilia), and containing generally a drop of fatty substance, and, in 

 the larger forms at least, a nucleus — are produced in zoosporanges of 

 various forms and sizes. These escape from the apex of the zoosporange, 

 which is provided in some cases with a lid, either successively or in a 

 mass held together by a viscous substance, from which they are gradually 

 set free. An undulating alteration of outline, accompanied by amoeboid 

 movement, takes place in the zoospores of certain species towards the 

 end of the period of their activity. I'he zoospores give rise again to 

 zoosporanges. Resting-spores are known in certain cases, which like- 

 wise give rise to zoosporanges ; while in the Rhizidiete a process probably 

 intermediate between oogamous reproduction and isogamous con- 

 jugation takes place. Of the four sub-orders, the first [RhizidiecB) is 

 manifestly nearly related to the Mucorini and the Ancylistese ; the 

 second (Cladochytriece) may be regarded as allied to the Rhizidieas ; the 

 third (pipidiecB) and the fourth {Synchytriece) in all probability following 

 the second. De Bary suggests ('Comp. Morph.,' p. 169) that in 



