FOWL CHOLERA 45 
appears scanty and occasionally hemorrhages are observed in this 
locality. Quite constant lesions are encountered in the chest and in- 
volve one or both lungs. There is a serous exudate in the chest 
cavity sometimes with other signs of inflammation. More rarely 
there is observed serous bloody fluid in the pericardium and red- 
dening of the mucosa of the duodenum. In the cranial cavity there 
is rarely observed a reddening of the pia mater and of the brain 
substance. 
HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA OF THE RING DOVE 
Leclainche reports the occurrence of a septicemic disease of ring 
doves from which he isolated an organism regarded as belonging 
to the hemorrhagic septicemia group. 
Etiology. The causative organism is an ovoid rod identical in 
shape with that causing fowl cholera, but somewhat larger. The 
organism shows bipolar staining and is Gram negative. Growth 
occurs on potato and gelatin is not liquefied. 
Pathogenicity. The infection is transmissible to the ring dove 
by inoculation and by ingestion. The domestic pigeon is much more 
resistant. The fowl is absolutely refractory while the rabbit and 
guinea pig are susceptible. 
Symptoms. The symptoms are those usually presented by birds 
affected with a septicemia. 
Morbid anatomy. Lesions consist chiefly of hemorrhagic in- 
flammation of the small intestine. 
CHOLERA OF COSCOROBA SWANS 
Tretrop observed a septicemia among swans in the zoological gar- 
den of Antwerp to which he has given the above designation. The 
species involved was Coscoroba candida. About fifty birds were in 
the flock, of which the majority died. A large number of other 
species of swans and other waterfowl were in contact with the dis- 
eased ones but escaped infection. 
Etiology. There is found constantly in the organs of the dis- 
eased birds, a microorganism designated Bacillus coscoroba. It is 
an ovoid motile rod 1.5 to 2.5 microns long and 1 to 1.4 microns 
broad. Bipolar staining is observed and the organism is Gram 
negative. The organism grows equally well in bouillon, milk, gel- 
