FOWL CHOLERA 47 
ous confluent ecchymoses, especially along the course of the coronary 
arteries. 
Etiology. The blood of dead swans yields cultures of a short rod 
with rounded ends and which shows bipolar staining. The shape 
of the organism is very similar to that of the fowl cholera bacterium, 
but it is somewhat larger. The organism has some characteristics 
in common with that of fowl cholera. Both stain alike by the Gram 
method and do not give an indol reaction. However, they differ 
in other characteristics as the swan organism is motile. It also 
forms rods as long as 4 microns. Growth in bouillon, agar and gel- 
atin furnishes no distinguishing characteristic. Copious brown col- 
ored growth occurs on potato accompanied by a bad odor. 
Pathogenicity. The organism is virulent for the swan and a 
goose (Anser aegyptiacus) while various aquatic and other birds 
escaped infection. 
Rabbits, guinea pigs, ducks, geese, hens and pigeons succumb to 
intramuscular inoculation of culture. 
INFECTIOUS ENTERITIS OF PHEASANTS 
Fiorontini observed an epizootic among pheasants in the public 
gardens of Milan which occurred a short time after an epizootic 
of the same nature among swans. The disease was slightly con- 
tagious for after many months the greater part of the birds escaped 
infection. : 
Etiology. The organism causing the disease resembles that of 
fowl cholera. It measures .7 micron in diameter and 1 to 2 mi- 
crons in length. In cultures the organism forms chains which are 
sometimes very long. Growth in bouillon is rapid at 22° to 24° C. 
Indol is produced. On gelatin in 48 hours, a gray layer of growth 
develops. On potato the color varies according to the development 
of the growth. After 48 hours, the color is pale yellow, which 
changes to brown while the borders are rose brown. The culture 
has the appearance of honey. 
Pathogenicity. Pheasants alone are attacked and a preference 
for males is exhibited. The infection is transmitted by inoculation 
of cultures subcutaneously or intravenously in small amounts. In- 
gestion of culture induces disease identical with that occurring natu- 
rally. Hens are not affected by receiving 2 to 3 «ce. of virulent 
culture and such inoculation does not assure immunity to fowl 
cholera. Rabbits and guinea pigs are immune. 
