FOWL TYPHOID AND SIMILAR INFECTIONS 59 
In the lungs there are numerous abscesses analogous in structure 
to those in the muscle. 
Relation to bird pox. Because of a suspicion that bird pox 
virus was present, inoculation experiments were undertaken. By 
rubbing of pus from liver, kidneys, lungs, ete., as well as blood and 
musculature, skin, muscle nodules, and crop exudate, into scarified 
breast skin of pigeons, there appeared after 2 to 3 days, yellowish 
swellings which looked exactly like pox. After a week they reached 
the maximum size of a pea. During this time the breast muscle fell 
away very markedly. These swellings began to shrink and dry up, 
while as a rule no fresh swellings appeared. Some of the pigeons 
died within 2 to 4 weeks after inoculation. By that time the pox- 
like swellings on the breast skin were totally dried up or had fallen 
off. The musculature was atrophied, flecked with yellow and in 
some cases contained numerous knots shaped like an oat grain with 
section findings like those in the original pigeons. 
Other pigeons lived. After some time the pox scabs fell off, the 
breast muscle filled out, so that the bird appeared clinically healthy. 
These results were dbtained easily through inoculation of gener- 
ation after generation, also with dried out material, and the B. para- 
typhosus B could be recovered each time. 
The question arose as to whether these organisms were the pri- 
mary cause of this pigeon disease or whether like hog cholera, the 
paratyphoid bacillus played a part of a leader. There was the pos- 
sibility of a mixed infection with bird pox, and on this account ex- 
periments were started with contamination free filtrates of cultures 
and organs. 
Also inoculation experiments were undertaken with cultures that 
had been grown for many generations in fluid and solid media. 
While the filtrate experiments gave no positive result, inoculations 
with pigeon paratyphosus culture always gave pox-like appearances 
in two days. 
AVIAN SALMONELLOSIS 
Ligniéres and Zabala describe an infection in fowls caused by an 
organism which they regard as showing all the specific characters of 
the hog cholera bacillus. The authors note that their organism is 
non-motile, while the hog cholera organism of Salmon and Smith is 
motile. However, they conclude that this difference is not sufficient 
to differentiate the organisms. Consequently they propose the name 
avian salmonellosis for the disease observed. 
