126 DISEASES OF DOMESTICATED BIRDS 
tached to the shell. Practically the only danger in using eggs from 
infected flocks is that the shells may have come in contact with drop- 
pings harboring the infectious parasite. 
On first indication of the presence of entero-hepatitis the affected 
birds should be destroyed and their carcasses burned or deeply 
buried. The quarters should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected 
with 5 per cent carbolic acid or compound ecresol in 3 per cent solu- 
tion. The runs or local feeding ground should be cleaned and 
limed or plowed under as the chance for infection is greatest at the 
points where the flock congregates most often. The confinement of 
turkeys to inclosed yards has been tried with apparently favorable 
results. By this method of rearing, entero-hepatitis could be more 
easily controlled. 
Hadley regards the prevention of Trichomonas infection in tur- 
keys as presenting a somewhat different problem from that involved 
in the prophylaxis of many diseases. The parasites are found nor- 
mally present in the intestines of all poultry. Their pathogenic 
activity in turkeys, in his opinion, depends upon factors present 
in the host which are probably quite unrelated to virulence on the 
part of the infecting organism. This view would suggest the exer- 
cise of great care in feeding in order to preserve health even though 
the flagellates are present in the intestine. 
REFERENCES 
1. Curtice. Notes on experiments with blackhead of turkeys. U. 8. 
Dep. Agr. Bureau Animal Indust. Circ. 119, 1907. 
2. Curtice. The rearing and management of turkeys with special refer- 
ence to the “blackhead” disease. Rhode Island Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 128. 
3. Curtice. Further experiments in connection with the blackhead dis- 
ease of turkeys. Rhode Island Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 124. 
4. Cushman. Nature of blackhead in turkeys. Rep. Rhode Island Agr. 
Exp. Sta. 1894. 
5. Hadley. Blackhead in turkeys. A study in avian coccidiosis. 
Ehode Island Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 141. 
6. Hadley. The réle of the flagellated protozoa in infective processes 
of the intestines and liver. Rhode Island Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 166. 
7. Milks. A preliminary report on some diseases of chickens. Loutst- 
ana Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 108. 
8. Moore. The direct transmission of infectious entero-hepatitis in 
turkeys. U.S. Dep. Agr. Bureau Animal Indust. Cire. 5, 1896. 
9. Smith. Infectious entero-hepatitis in turkeys. U. S. Dep. Agr. 
Bureau Animal Indust. Bull. 8, 1895. 
10. Smith. Further investigations into the etiology of the protozoan 
disease of turkeys known as blackhead, entero-hepatitis, typhlitis, ete. 
J. Med. Res., Vol. 33, 1915, p. 243. 
