138 DISEASES OF DOMESTICATED BIRDS 
amare! 
POPOL NS 
Fic. 14. Various stages in the flexions and transverse divisions of Treponema 
(Spirocheta gallinarum). (Hindle) 
a 
sion. This is accomplished only after a series of movements con- 
sisting of doubling back on itself, coiling of the two portions, un- 
coiling and eventual separation. The process is illustrated in Fig. 
14, the successive stages of the process being indicated by the let- 
ters a to h. Sometimes the separation occurs as illustrated in e, 
but usually takes place after the position h is reached. Whether or 
not transverse division takes place directly without previous flexion 
has not been definitely determined. The act of uncoiling and sep- 
aration as illustrated in d, f, and g of Fig. 14 very closely sim- 
ulates a process of longitudinal division and has been erroneously so 
interpreted by some observers. The process of transverse division 
doubtless occurs repeatedly in the blood. 
Penetration of red blood cells and invasion by spirochetes has 
been observed but seems to be uncommon. 
At the time of the crisis of the disease, which is synchronous with 
the disappearance of spirochetes from the circulating blood, some 
spirochetes break up into a number of coccoid bodies in a manner 
analogous to the formation of spores within a bacterial cell. It is 
not certain that these coccoid bodies formed under the conditions in 
question redevelop into spirochetes within the blood of the -fowl. 
Some of the spircchetes taken into the tick with a feeding of fowl 
blood, penetrate the wall of the gut and gain access to the coelomic 
fluid which occupies the body cavity of ticks. After a short time 
