INTERNAL PARASITES 195 
Prosthogonimus ovatus occurs in the bursa of Fabricus of a large 
number of birds. It has been found in the oviduct of the hen and 
many observers have found it in hen’s eggs. Pr. pellucidus and Pr. 
japonicus have been found in eggs. Pr. cuneatus has been reported 
as occurring in the oviduct of a pea hen. 
COCCIDIA 
Coccidia occurring in the intestines are discussed under the head- 
ing coccidiosis, page 127. 
PARASITES OF THE NASAL CAVITY 
A species of mite of the genus Rhinonyssus infests the nasal cavity 
of fowls, causing a sort of coryza. The mites also occur in squabs 
which sometimes succumb to the parasite. 
Sternostomum rhinolethrum occurs in the nasal fosse of the duck. 
A leech Hemiclepsts tessellata occurs in the nasal and oral cavi- 
ties of geese and ducks, attached to the mucosa. The parasites also 
attach themselves in the eyes, esophagus, larynx and trachea. The 
affected birds are tormented by the presence of the parasites and 
rapidly become emaciated. Mégnin recommends applying a two per 
cent salt solution to cause the detachment and death of the parasites. 
A fluke Cyclocelum arcuatum is reported as a harmless parasite 
of the infraorbital sinus of the domestic goose. 
GAPE WORMS 
Gapes is caused by the roundworm designated Syngamus trachealis 
which attaches to the mucous membrane of the trachea and causes 
severe inflammatory changes. These lesions and the additional 
factor of mechanical blocking of the air passages may cause death. 
The air sacs are sometimes infested. 
Species affected. The fowl, pheasant, turkey, peafowl, pigeon, 
certain cage birds and a considerable number of wild birds have been 
reported as hosts of Syngamus trachealis. The adult turkey appears 
to be very much more frequently infested than the adult fowl. Ran- 
som found about 23 per cent of a number of turkeys infested when 
no parasites were found in 635 chickens examined. A related species 
8. bronchialis occurs in the trachea, air sacs and bronchi of young 
geese. 
