218 DISEASES OF DOMESTICATED BIRDS 
along the borders of streams, in trees and shrubbery and on the 
borders of forests. 
In the United States they are most numerous in the South but are 
well distributed in Kansas, Indiana and Iowa. In England and 
Scotland they are known popularly as gooseberry bugs. 
Chickens should, so far as possible, be kept from ranging in areas 
known to be infested. Dusting the feathers with sulphur is useful 
in keeping the mites off. The application of sulphur ointment or 
kerosene and lard for killing the mites on the skin is recommended 
by Bishopp and Wood. Eroded areas may be treated antiseptically. 
SCALY LEG OR FUOT MANGE 
The mite designated C'nemiodocoptes mutans (Sarcoptes mutans) 
affects the legs of fowls below the tarsal joint. 
Other domesticated birds are affected more rarely. 
The first evidence of infestation consists of the ap- 
pearance of grayish white areas which gradually 
coalesce and thicken. The parasites burrow in the 
skin and set up cellular proliferation with exuda- 
tion. This thickens the skin and causes the natu- 
ral scales of the leg and toes to protrude. In an 
advanced case the skin is covered with thick gray- 
ish white crusts which appreciably increase the 
size of the leg and toes. The enlargement of the 
leg interferes with 
Fic. 49. Cnemio- the motion of the 
docoptes (Sar- ., . : : 
coptes) mutans, joints. The skin is 
Male, dorsal as- inflamed and raw. 
pect enlarged is F 
100 times, (Neu. Examination of some 
Menm) of the crusts will re- 
veal the presence of mites. Itching is 
present as indicated by the pecking of 
the lesion by the bird. In extremely 
advanced cases the bird may become 
lame, arthritis may develop, toes may 
be lost, and the bird may squat continu- 
ously. The infestation may be accom- 
panied by loss of condition and even 
cachexia terminated by death. Fig. 50. Cnemiodocoptes (Sar- 
Treatment... The legs of the af- coptes) mutans, ovigerous 
fected bird should be soaked in warm female, dorsal aspect, en- 
larged 100 times. (Rail- 
soapy water and be thoroughly cleaned - liet) meee Se 
