EXTERNAL PARASITES 219 
by scrubbing with a brush. The most effective remedy consists of 
the application of an ointment consisting of one part of caraway oil 
and four parts of lard or of white vaseline. 
Another remedy con- 
sists of sulphur ointment made of 1 part of sulphur and nine parts 
of lard. Crude petroleum is effective. 
Plain kerosene oil sometimes employed is 
somewhat effective but will become smeared 
on the thighs as soon as the bird perches, and 
will blister the skin. The application of 
any remedial agent should be repeated. 
Prophylaxis. Removal of infected | 
birds from the flock, and general disinfec- 
tion should be carried out immediately fol- 
lowing the discovery of the disease. 
DEPLUMING SCABIES Fie. 51. Sarcoptes mutans. 
The mite designated Cnemtodocoptes 
(Sarcoptes) levis may occasion loss of 
summer. 
‘Fig. 52. Cnemiodocoptes (NSarcoptes) 
levis, larva, ventral aspect, enlarged 
Ovigerous:female. Dorsal 
view. Enlarged 100 times. 
(Railliet ) 
feathers in fowls, pigeons and 
pheasants during the spring and 
It infests the portion 
of the quill that lies beneath the 
surface of the skin. The affec- 
tion usually appears first on 
some spot on the body, and pro- 
gresses gradually to the neck, 
thighs and head, or the head and 
neck may be affected first. The 
frequency with which the back 
is first affected suggests that 
treading may be the principal 
means of dissemination. The 
large feathers of the wing and 
tail are not generally involved. 
The feathers are either shed 
entire, or the quills break off 
close to the level of the skin. 
Sometimes the stumps are 
eracked and are surrounded by 
200 times. (Railliet) epidermal scales. 
