258 DISEASES OF DOMESTICATED BIRDS 
bouillon and in glucose bouillon. At room temperature growth in 
bouillon is somewhat more slow. The organism remains alive in 
bouillon for about four weeks. 
After 18 hours, growth occurs on potato in the form of prominent, 
sharply outlined grayish-white colonies about the size of a poppy 
seed. In the middle of the inoculated area these coalesce into a 
uniform layer. After two or three days the culture frequently be- 
comes brownish yellow in color in the thicker parts. The organism 
grows on potato at incubator and at room temperature equally well, 
and remains alive on this medium for six weeks. 
In whole milk at incubator temperature after 15 hours a marked 
separation of the whey occurs. The casein is coagulated in large 
flakes. After 36 hours the coagulation process is completed. At 
room temperature coagulation occurs first at 32 hours. In spite of 
the lactic acid, the organism remains alive four weeks without 
transfer. 
The organism forms no gas in the culture media employed and no 
acid, with the exception of that formed in milk. It develops no 
specific odor. 
Indol is not detected in bouillon cultures four days old. 
It is to be noted that in general the organism, in fresh cultures 
on the various media has the same form. In these, however, it 
appears shorter than in smears from tissues. Occasionally short, 
plump rods and very rarely, division forms occur. Among these 
may be observed many which are similar to a diplococcus. The 
organism appears somewhat smaller on blood serum than upon the 
other media. ‘The organisms when grown on potato are the largest 
and longest. 
Pathogenesis. Hens, pigeons, rabbits and guinea pigs are in- 
susceptible to subcutaneous injection of culture or to injection of 
heart blood of a canary bird dead of the disease. In these birds 
it causes only a straw yellow focus about the size of a pea, at the 
point of injection. 
The infection may be transmitted to canary birds by inoculation 
and by feeding. Sparrows and mice are also susceptible. 
Freese compares the disease found by him with fowl cholera and 
with the diseases described by Rieck, Kern and Pfaff. He con- 
cludes that it differs from all of them. The one described by Kern 
shows the greatest similarity. The two practically agree in symp- 
toms, lesions and pathogenesis, but cultural characters show some 
